Fingerprinting and source apportionment of fine particle pollution in Manila by IBA and PMF techniques: A 7‐year study

Cohen, David D.; Stelcer, Eduard; Santos, Filipe Lima; Prior, M. H.; Thompson, Craig R.; Pabroa, Preciosa Corazon

doi:10.1002/xrs.1112

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…During the Manila collocation, it was found that SPAR-TAN fractions of ASO 4 and EBC are similar to Cohen et al (2009). Our RM (43 %) is lower than OM (57 %), whereas SPARTAN CM was greater than Cohen et al (2009).…”

Section: Manila Philippines (N = 63)mentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Our RM (43 %) is lower than OM (57 %), whereas SPARTAN CM was greater than Cohen et al (2009). These differences could reflect sampling differences, or emission changes over the last decade.…”

Section: Manila Philippines (N = 63)mentioning

confidence: 54%

“…The sampling station, located at the Manila Observatory, is about 40 m higher in altitude than the central city. The PM 2.5 con-centrations at the observatory (18 µg m −3 ) are expected to be lower than in the main city, but still influenced by vehicular traffic, fuel combustion, and industry (Cohen et al, 2009). Compared to the all-site average, the CM fraction in Manila is typical (11 %), but equivalent black carbon is twice as great (25 %).…”

Section: Manila Philippines (N = 63)mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Variation in global chemical composition of PM<sub>2.5</sub>: emerging results from SPARTAN

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The Surface PARTiculate mAtter Network (SPAR-TAN) is a long-term project that includes characterization of chemical and physical attributes of aerosols from filter samples collected worldwide. This paper discusses the ongoing efforts of SPARTAN to define and quantify major ions and trace metals found in fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ). Our methods infer the spatial and temporal variability of PM 2.5 in a cost-effective manner. Gravimetrically weighed filters represent multi-day averages of PM 2.5 , with a collocated nephelometer sampling air continuously. SPAR-TAN instruments are paired with AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) sun photometers to better understand the relationship between ground-level PM 2.5 and columnar aerosol optical depth (AOD).We have examined the chemical composition of PM 2.5 at 12 globally dispersed, densely populated urban locations and a site at Mammoth Cave (US) National Park used as a background comparison. So far, each SPARTAN location has been active between the years 2013 and 2016 over periods of 2-26 months, with an average period of 12 months per site. These sites have collectively gathered over 10 years of quality aerosol data. The major PM 2.5 constituents across all sites (relative contribution ± SD) are ammoniated sulfate (20 % ± 11 %), crustal material (13.4 % ± 9.9 %), equivalent black carbon (11.9 % ± 8.4 %), ammonium nitrate (4.7 % ± 3.0 %), sea salt (2.3 % ± 1.6 %), trace element oxides (1.0 % ± 1.1 %), water (7.2 % ± 3.3 %) at 35 % RH, and residual matter (40 % ± 24 %).Analysis of filter samples reveals that several PM 2.5 chemical components varied by more than an order of magnitude between sites. Ammoniated sulfate ranges from 1.1 µg m −3 (Buenos Aires, Argentina) to 17 µg m −3 (Kanpur, India in the dry season). Ammonium nitrate ranged from 0.2 µg m −3 (Mammoth Cave, in summer) to 6.8 µg m −3 (Kanpur, dry season). Equivalent black carbon ranged from 0.7 µg m −3 (Mammoth Cave) to over 8 µg m −3 (Dhaka, Bangladesh and Kanpur, India). Comparison of SPARTAN vs. coincident measurements from the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network at Mammoth Cave yielded a high degree of consistency for daily PM 2.5 (r 2 = 0.76, slope = 1.12), daily sulfate (r 2 = 0.86, slope = 1.03), and mean fractions of all major PM 2.5 components (within 6 %). Major ions generally agree well with previous studies at the same urban locations (e.g. sulfate fractions agree within 4 % for 8 out of 11 collocation comparisons). Enhanced anthropogenic dust fractions in large urban areas (e.g. Singapore, Kanpur, Hanoi, and Dhaka) are apparent from high Zn : Al ratios.The expected water contribution to aerosols is calculated via the hygroscopicity parameter κ v for each filter. Mean aggregate values ranged from 0.15 (Ilorin) to 0.28 (Rehovot). The all-site parameter mean is 0.20 ± 0.04. Chemical composition and water retention in each filter measurement allows inference of hourly PM 2.5 at 35 % relative humidity by merging with nephelometer measurements. These hour...

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Section: Manila Philippines (N = 63)mentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Manila Philippines (N = 63)mentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Manila Philippines (N = 63)mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Variation in global chemical composition of PM<sub>2.5</sub>: emerging results from SPARTAN

et al. 2016

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“…Biomass burning is characterized by its most important compound, K, known as the tracer of wood burning, which is a common type of heating in the region. In biomass burning , K is present with 68% of its total concentration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As atmospheric particles produced by industrial facilities are mostly PM 2.5 , fine PM was sampled in the vicinity of the oil refinery and elemental analysis was performed using two techniques: X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) and particle‐induced X‐ray emission (PIXE). These two techniques are often used to analyse environmental samples . Additionally, concentration of black carbon (BC), a portion of carbon that absorbs light, was measured with light absorption technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of aerosol pollution in the vicinity of an oil refinery near Rijeka, Croatia

et al. 2019

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Fine aerosol pollution is one of the most important factors in air pollution monitoring. Industrial production often represents significant source of aerosol pollution in surrounding areas, and therefore, it is important to understand its impact on air quality. In order to investigate contribution coming from the oil refinery to air pollution, PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 μm) samples were collected in the vicinity of an oil refinery during the 1‐year period. At the same time, PM2.5 was sampled in the city of Rijeka, Croatia, at the distance that is about 10 km far from the refinery. This site was used for comparison. The sampling was performed with two cyclone samplers on thin polytetrafluoroethylene filters. PM2.5 was sampled for 24 h every other day, simultaneously at both locations. In total, 306 samples were collected. The samples were analysed using X‐ray fluorescence and particle‐induced X‐ray emission to obtain concentrations of 17 elements from Na to Pb. Additionally, concentrations of black carbon were determined using laser‐integrated plate method. It was found that concentrations of S, V, and Ni, elements characteristic for oil burning, were substantially higher at the refinery sampling site comparing to the reference location. Obtained concentrations were statistically evaluated by performing positive matrix factorization to identify oil refinery as one of the pollution sources in the vicinity of such a facility. The same method was also performed at the urban site where the contribution from oil refinery was not separated from other similar sources.

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Regional and Urban Air Quality in Southeast Asia: Maritime Continent

Cambaliza¹,

Latif²,

Lestari³

2023

Handbook of Air Quality and Climate Change

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Fingerprinting and source apportionment of fine particle pollution in Manila by IBA and PMF techniques: A 7‐year study

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Variation in global chemical composition of PM<sub>2.5</sub>: emerging results from SPARTAN

Variation in global chemical composition of PM<sub>2.5</sub>: emerging results from SPARTAN

Characteristics of aerosol pollution in the vicinity of an oil refinery near Rijeka, Croatia

Regional and Urban Air Quality in Southeast Asia: Maritime Continent

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Fingerprinting and source apportionment of fine particle pollution in Manila by IBA and PMF techniques: A 7‐year study

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Variation in global chemical composition of PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;: emerging results from SPARTAN

Variation in global chemical composition of PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;: emerging results from SPARTAN

Characteristics of aerosol pollution in the vicinity of an oil refinery near Rijeka, Croatia

Regional and Urban Air Quality in Southeast Asia: Maritime Continent

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Variation in global chemical composition of PM<sub>2.5</sub>: emerging results from SPARTAN

Variation in global chemical composition of PM<sub>2.5</sub>: emerging results from SPARTAN