Fingerprint imaging by scanning electrochemical microscopy

Zhang, Meiqin; Girault, Hubert H.

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2007.03.026

Cited by 54 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…[47][48][49][50][51] Despite these efforts, challenges remain both for achieving higher lateral resolution and for inspection of larger sample regions. This paper addresses the latter issue encountered, for example when imaging silver-stained proteins after gel electrophoresis, 52 human fingerprints, 53,54 and negative photographic films. 55 Here, we propose a new type of amperometric probe for SECM produced by sealing with a polymer film a carbon track microfabricated on a polyethylene terephthalate sheet.…”

Section: -25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Stylus Probes for Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy

Cortés‐Salazar

Träuble

et al. 2009

Anal. Chem.

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A soft stylus microelectrode probe has been developed to carry out scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) of rough, tilted, and large substrates in contact mode. It is fabricated by first ablating a microchannel in a polyethylene terephthalate thin film and filling it with a conductive carbon ink. After curing the carbon track and lamination with a polymer film, the V-shaped stylus was cut thereby forming a probe, with the cross section of the carbon track at the tip being exposed either by UVphotoablation machining or by blade cutting followed by polishing to produce a crescent moon-shaped carbon microelectrode. The probe properties have been assessed by cyclic voltammetry, approach curves, and line scans over electrochemically active and inactive substrates of different roughness. The influence of probe bending on contact mode imaging was then characterized using simple patterns. Boundary element method simulations were employed to rationalize the distance-dependent electrochemical response of the soft stylus probes.Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is a scanning probe technique that provides spatially resolved detection of electrochemical and chemical surface reactivity.1,2 Typically, the probe is an amperometric disk-shaped ultramicroelectrode (UME) enclosed in an insulating sheath, e.g. glass. Due to the hemispherical diffusion occurring at the microdisc electrode, a steadystate current can be monitored as a function of the horizontal (x, y) and vertical (z) probe positions. SECM has found many applications ranging from surface reactivity imaging 3-13 to the study of the kinetics of homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions at solid/liquid, gas/liquid, and liquid/liquid interfaces. 14-20 Because the response of a SECM probe can be described by continuum models of mass transport coupled to electrochemical kinetics, quantitative kinetic information can be extracted by comparing experimental and simulated curves in many practically relevant situations. 21-25The response of a SECM probe depends on the surface reactivity of the sample and the distance d between the surface and the active area of the probe electrode. In order to obtain a reactivity image that is not influenced by topography, d must be kept constant. In conventional SECM operations, this is achieved by working on samples with a roughness that is considerably smaller than the radius r T of the UME and by leveling the plane of the sample surface with respect to the x,y-scanning plane of the positioning system. However, this approach becomes inappropriate on rough surfaces of large aspect ratios or when large scan areas (in the mm 2 range) have to be investigated so that leveling becomes a major obstacle. Similar limitations apply when imaging curved samples. This drawback has been recognized for a long time. In the case of a small r T , a constant d can be maintained by combining

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Section: -25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Stylus Probes for Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy

Cortés‐Salazar

Träuble

et al. 2009

Anal. Chem.

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“…To ensure the compatibility of the system with large surface scanning, a scan rate of 100 lm s À1 is employed. In addition, before SECM imaging, the sample surface was leveled manually as described in the previous report [35].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These reports demonstrated the feasibility of using SECM to detect metallic nanoparticles on a porous membrane surface. Then, we applied this technique as a highly sensitive tool for imaging proteinmodified latent fingermarks on a poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) membrane and fingermarks on glass enhanced by a multi-metal-deposition (MMD) approach [35,36]. This methodology takes advantage of the high sensitivity of SECM toward the small variation of electrochemical properties at the substrate surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SECM photography

Zhang¹,

Su²,

Cortés‐Salazar³

et al. 2008

Electrochemistry Communications

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A novel strategy for imaging commercial black-and-white negative photo films by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is demonstrated. The imaging is based on using IrCl 3À 6 as the redox mediator to dissolve silver grains. The SECM probe is biased at a sufficient constant anodic potential (0.8 V vs. Ag QRE) to oxidize IrCl 3À 6 under diffusion control. SECM images of a patterned band array (2.8 mm Â 3 mm) and of an ''EPFL" logo (8.6 mm Â 7 mm) have been recorded with a high resolution from the black-and-white negative photo films. The factors relevant to the quality of images are discussed.

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“…liquid/solid, liquid/liquid and gas/solid interfaces) [25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. As a result, SECM has been applied in various fields such as biology to study the respiratory chain of Escherichia coli [32] or in forensic sciences to image human fingerprints [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorbed protein detection by scanning electrochemical microscopy

Cortés‐Salazar

Busnel

2009

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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a b s t r a c tA scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) protein detection methodology has been developed based on the tagging of free cysteines and other nucleophiles in proteins and peptides by benzoquinone. The tagged proteins are detected by the mediated reduction of benzoquinone with a redox species produced electrochemically at the SECM tip. After careful optimization, a sensitivity in the low ng mm À2 range was reached for bovine serum albumin. One of the major advantages of the present technique is that the selectivity of the protein tagging can be tuned by changing the pH of the reaction media. Depending on the requirements, cysteine selective or general detection can therefore be achieved with a high sensitivity. As a proof of concept, this technique was applied to the detection of protein spots and to the imaging of human fingerprints and further compared to the actual SECM state-of-art approach.

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Fingerprint imaging by scanning electrochemical microscopy

Cited by 54 publications

References 35 publications

Soft Stylus Probes for Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy

Soft Stylus Probes for Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy

SECM photography

Adsorbed protein detection by scanning electrochemical microscopy

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