Fingering Instabilities of Confined Elastic Layers in Tension

Shull, Kenneth R.; Flanigan, Cynthia M.; Crosby, Alfred J.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.84.3057

Cited by 143 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The peeling front shows a distinctive fingering pattern, which is reminiscent of Saffman-Taylor instabilities for liquids [16][17][18] or elastic instabilities for soft solids. 19,20 These fingering instabilities of the peel front are then associated with extensive deformation and orientation of the polymer chains in the direction of the motion of the shear device. This type of deformation is analogous although slightly different to what is observed in 908 peel tests of PSA, described as fibrillation.…”

Section: In-situ Visualization Of Failure Mechanisms Under Steady Stamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, it forms a fingering pattern, which increases its ability to store elastic energy when the speed is increased as discussed for the static case in a recent paper. 19 The appearance of instabilities and the associated fibrillation processes is then a way for the system to increase the stored and released elastic energy necessary to cause the detachment of the fibril at this high speed. Such processes are typically observed for peel tests but can be observed in shear experiments such as ours because of the predominantly tensile loading at the trailing edge of the contact.…”

Section: Peeling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of shear failure mechanisms of pressure‐sensitive adhesives

Sosson

Chateauminois

Creton

2005

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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We report new experiments investigating the failure mechanisms in shear, of thin layers of acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSA). We have developed a novel experimental device able to shear a soft adhesive layer confined between a rigid hemispherical lens and a rigid glass substrate. Using the resources of in situ contact visualization, the nonhomogeneous deformation of the layer and the shear failure processes were observed optically. Depending on the rheological properties of the adhesive, ratios of the contact radius over the layer thickness of 10-30 were achieved, mimicking well the contact conditions encountered in a thin adhesive layer within a joint. When the adhesive was weakly crosslinked, we observed a fluid-like behavior and could measure a reasonable value for the viscosity of the PSA, implying that flow can occur in the layer and failure will occur by creep. On the other hand, for a more crosslinked adhesive, closer to what is used in applications, a stick-slip peeling behavior was observed, which involves a coupling between peeling mechanisms at the leading edge of the contact and interfacial slippage. Such a process suggests a failure by fracture rather than by creep. Interestingly, the peeling mechanisms and the associated stress levels change significantly when the layer becomes as thin as 20 lm, implying a fracture process that is controlled by a critical energy release rate in shear G IIc rather than by a critical shear stress causing failure of the interfacial bonds.

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Section: In-situ Visualization Of Failure Mechanisms Under Steady Stamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Peeling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of shear failure mechanisms of pressure‐sensitive adhesives

Sosson

Chateauminois

Creton

2005

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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“…Stretchable, transparent, ionic conductors (e.g., hydrogels and ionogels) enable devices of unusual functions, such as transparent loudspeakers [12], artificial skins [13], artificial axons [14,15], and electroluminescence of giant stretchability [16][17][18]. The interest in the mechanics of stretchable materials has surged [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flaw sensitivity of highly stretchable materials

Chen

Wang

Suo

2017

Extreme Mechanics Letters

176

135

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Elastomers and gels can often deform multiple times their original length. The stretchability is insensitive to small cuts in the samples, but reduces markedly when the cuts are large. We show that this transition occurs when the depth of cut exceeds a material-specific length, defined by the ratio of the fracture energy measured in the large-cut limit and the work to rupture measured in the small-cut limit. This conclusion generalizes a result in the fracture mechanics of hard materials. For an acrylic elastomer and a polyurethane, we measure the stretch to rupture as a function of the depth of cut, and show that the experimental data agree well with the prediction of the nonlinear elastic fracture mechanics. In a space of material properties we compare many materials (elastomers, gels, ceramics, glassy polymers, biomaterials, and metals), and find that the material-specific length varies from nanometers to centimeters.

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“…Qualitatively, this coupling has been well described and quantitative advances have been made more recently. 6,13,14,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] More work is still needed, however, to formulate a quantitative link between the overall mechanical performance and the properties of the compliant layer. This quantitative understanding of the bulk and interfacial contributions to performance is not only critical to predicting a products's engineering limits, but can also be used to optimize the design process for adhesive layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These failure mechanisms can range from simple interfacial fracture to cavitation leading to cohesive failure in a fibrillated structure. 9,[13][14][15][16][17] In all cases, the underlying physics is controlled by the coupling of bulk and interfacial properties of the thin layer. Qualitatively, this coupling has been well described and quantitative advances have been made more recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation and failure modes of adhesively bonded elastic layers

Crosby¹,

Shull²,

Lakrout

et al. 2000

Journal of Applied Physics

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212

200

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Adhesively bonded elastic layers with thicknesses that are small relative to their lateral dimensions are used in a wide variety of applications. The mechanical response of the compliant layer when a normal stress is imposed across its thickness is determined by the effects of lateral constraints, which are characterized by the ratio of the lateral dimensions of the layer to its thickness. From this degree of confinement and from the material properties of the compliant layer, we predict three distinct deformation modes: ͑1͒ edge crack propagation, ͑2͒ internal crack propagation, and ͑3͒ cavitation. The conditions conductive for each mode are presented in the form of a deformation map developed from fracture mechanics and bulk instability criteria. We use experimental data from elastic and viscoelastic materials to illustrate the predictions of this deformation map. We also discuss the evolution of the deformation to large strains, where nonlinear effects such as fibrillation and yielding dominate the failure process.

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Fingering Instabilities of Confined Elastic Layers in Tension

Cited by 143 publications

References 14 publications

Investigation of shear failure mechanisms of pressure‐sensitive adhesives

Investigation of shear failure mechanisms of pressure‐sensitive adhesives

Flaw sensitivity of highly stretchable materials

Deformation and failure modes of adhesively bonded elastic layers

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