Fine-Tuning the Antimicrobial Profile of Biocompatible Gold Nanoparticles by Sequential Surface Functionalization Using Polyoxometalates and Lysine

Abstract

Antimicrobial action of nanomaterials is typically assigned to the nanomaterial composition, size and/or shape, whereas influence of complex corona stabilizing the nanoparticle surface is often neglected. We demonstrate sequential surface functionalization of tyrosine-reduced gold nanoparticles (AuNPsTyr) with polyoxometalates (POMs) and lysine to explore controlled chemical functionality-driven antimicrobial activity. Our investigations reveal that highly biocompatible gold nanoparticles can be tuned to be a strong antibacterial agent by fine-tuning their surface properties in a controllable manner. The observation from the antimicrobial studies on a gram negative bacterium Escherichia coli were further validated by investigating the anticancer properties of these step-wise surface-controlled materials against A549 human lung carcinoma cells, which showed a similar toxicity pattern. These studies highlight that the nanomaterial toxicity and biological applicability are strongly governed by their surface corona.

Synergistic Antibacterial Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Combined with Ineffective Antibiotics on Drug ResistantSalmonella typhimuriumDT104

“…AgNPs' binding to Salmonella DT 104 in the absence or presence of the antibiotics was tested 8 15 min [13]. With this spin rate and time, it was confirmed that 94 ± 5% of the bacteria were brought to pellets, while 99 ± 2% of the 23 nm AgNPs (in case of 1 µM) remained in the supernatant solution.…”

“…Using of heavy metals in nanoparticle forms to counter bacteria drug resistance is one of the strategies that has been investigated intensively [5,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Silver has been used as an antibacterial agent for over 2000 years.…”

Tyrosine- and tryptophan-coated gold nanoparticles inhibit amyloid aggregation of insulin

“…In a recent study, albumin-modified magnetic nanoparticles were found to promote the depolymerization of insulin amyloid fibrils (Siposova et al 2012). Successful synthesis of potential gold nanoparticles using various amino acids has been reported recently (Maruyama et al 2014;Daima et al 2013). Gold nanoparticles coated with different amino acids have also shown substantial effect on serum albumin absorption and cytotoxicity (Cai et al 2014).…”

Phytosynthesis of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles Using the Hot Water Extract of Mixed Woodchip Powder and Their Antibacterial Efficacy

“…On the contrary, the phytosynthesized AuNPs showed no significant antibacterial activity at concentrations up to 400 g/mL (data not shown). The antimicrobial action of nanomaterials is typically assigned to their composition, size, shape, and surface corona [33]. Unlike the AgNPs, the as-synthesized AuNPs showed a clear surface layer, which might have resulted from a surface coating of components in the WCE that participated in the NPs formation.…”