Fine tuning of hormonal signaling is linked to dormancy status in sweet cherry flower buds

Vimont, Noémie; Schwarzenberg, Adrián; Domijan, Mirela; Donkpegan, Armel; Beauvieux, Rémi; Dantec, Loı̈ck Le; Arkoun, Mustapha; Jamois, Frank; Yvin, Jean-Claude; Wigge, Philip A.; Dirlewanger, Elisabeth; Cortijo, Sandra; Wenden, Bénédicte

doi:10.1101/423871

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…This would allow the analysis of samples collected directly from the field, without depending on external factors such as forcing conditions in the experimental approach or the availability of a large set of phenological data. Recent reports have revealed several processes as promising candidates for dormancy markers such as the expression of the DORMANCY-ASSOCIATED MAD-BOX (DAM) genes in peach [112], starch accumulation within the ovary primordia cell in sweet cherry [113], anther meiosis in apricot [114,115], and hormone regulation in sweet cherry [116]. Establishing the relationship between temperature records and a biological dormancy marker would lead to a process-based model that would allow direct determination of dormancy and a more accurate estimation of the temperature requirements of particular cultivars.…”

Section: Concluding Remarks and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chilling and Heat Requirements of Temperate Stone Fruit Trees (Prunus sp.)

et al. 2020

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Stone fruit trees of genus Prunus, like other temperate woody species, need to accumulate a cultivar-specific amount of chilling during endodormancy, and of heat during ecodormancy to flower properly in spring. Knowing the requirements of a cultivar can be critical in determining if it can be adapted to a particular area. Growers can use this information to anticipate the future performance of their orchards and the adaptation of new cultivars to their region. In this work, the available information on chilling-and heat-requirements of almond, apricot, plum, peach, and sweet cherry cultivars is reviewed. We pay special attention to the method used for the determination of breaking dormancy, the method used to quantify chilling and heat temperatures, and the place where experiments were conducted. The results reveal different gaps in the information available, both in the lack of information of cultivars with unknown requirements and in the methodologies used. The main emerging challenges are the standardization of the conditions of each methodology and the search for biological markers for dormancy. These will help to deal with the growing number of new cultivars and the reduction of winter cold in many areas due to global warming.Agronomy 2020, 10, 409 2 of 32 (2.4 million t in 0.4 million ha), almond (2.2 million t in 1.9 million ha) and sour cherry (1.2 million t in 0.2 million ha) [2].Stone fruit trees, like other temperate woody species, need to accumulate a cultivar-specific amount of chilling during winter to overcome dormancy and then experience warm temperatures to finally flower in spring [3][4][5]. These conditions the adaptation of species and cultivars to each region [6] and it is the main drawback for their extension to warmer latitudes [7]. Knowing the temperature requirements of a cultivar can be useful for growers to anticipate the future performance of their orchards and to design new orchards taking into account the predicted global warming [7][8][9]. In this work, the available information on chilling-and heat-requirements of cultivars of the most cultivated stone fruit crops (almond, apricot, peach, plum and cherry) is reviewed, paying special attention to the approach used for the determination of breaking dormancy, the method used to quantify chilling and heat temperatures, and the place where the experiments were conducted. There is extensive information available about chilling and heat requirements that has purposefully been omitted from this review. We have only included those studies that a) obtained results by using an experimental methodology (i.e., transferring shoots into a growth chamber sequentially during winter) or computational/statistical approaches that relate flowering dates to temperature data over a sufficiently long time series, and b) quantified chilling and heat temperatures using the common models (Chilling Hours model, Utah model or Dynamic model for chilling requirements, Growing Degree Hours for heat requirements). Dormancy: Definition and DescriptionStone fruit tr...

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Section: Concluding Remarks and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chilling and Heat Requirements of Temperate Stone Fruit Trees (Prunus sp.)

et al. 2020

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“…Evidently, once triggered, bud burst and flower development are under the plant's autonomous genetic control [MADS-box genes; (Becker and Theißen, 2003)]. Yet, while dormancy break was extensively surveyed at the bud level (Lloret et al, 2018;Vimont et al, 2018), whole-tree physiological processes that relate bloom to environmental cues remain obscure. It is assumed that winter temperatures and photoperiod are the main environmental cues affecting winter phenology (Maurya and Bhalerao, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting bloom dates by temperature mediated kinetics of carbohydrate metabolism in deciduous trees

Sperling

Kamai

Tixier

et al. 2019

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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Trees in seasonal climates gauge winter progression to assure vital and productive blooming. However, how dormant plants asses environmental conditions remains obscure. We postulated that it involves the energetic reserves required for bloom, and therefore studied winter carbohydrate metabolism in deciduous trees. We quantified non-structural carbohydrates throughout winter in almond, peach, and pistachio trees in California and Israel and characterized winter metabolism. We constructed a carbohydrate-temperature (C-T) model that projects changes in starch and soluble carbohydrate concentrations by temperature mediated kinetics. Then, we tested the C-T model projections of bloom times by 20 years of temperature and phenology records from California. The C-T model attributes winter carbohydrate regulation in dormant trees to continuous updates of metabolic pathways. The model projects a surge in starch synthesis at the end of winter, and critically low concentrations of soluble carbohydrates, that trigger bloom. This is supported by field measurements of starch accumulation at the end of winter (˜50 mg g −1 DW in almonds) that preceded bloom by˜10 days. The C-T model provides a physiological framework for bloom forecasts in deciduous orchards. It integrates contrasting notions of chill and heat and elucidates why abnormal winter temperatures may compromise bloom in deciduous orchards.

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“…Using transgenic plants, several studies suggest that ABA and GA are involved in the metabolic and gene regulation of each other [ 22 , 55 ]. In general, the ABA concentrations in buds declines with the depth of dormancy [ 22 , 24 , 25 , 55 , 56 ], whereas GA shows an exact opposite trend [ 26 , 27 ]. This inverse correlation between ABA and GA is reported in many Rosaceae fruit crops [ 26 , 27 , 30 , 57 ], and it can also be induced by HC in grape ( Vitis vinifera L.) and sweet cherry ( Prunus avium L.) [ 31 , 32 , 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Budbreak patterns and phytohormone dynamics reveal different modes of action between hydrogen cyanamide- and defoliant-induced flower budbreak in blueberry under inadequate chilling conditions

Lin

Agehara

2021

PLoS ONE

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Under inadequate chilling conditions, hydrogen cyanamide (HC) is often used to promote budbreak and improve earliness of Southern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. interspecific hybrids). However, HC is strictly regulated or even banned in some countries because of its high hazardous properties. Development of safer and effective alternatives to HC is critical to sustainable subtropical blueberry production. In this study, we examined the efficacy of HC and defoliants as bud dormancy-breaking agents for ‘Emerald’ blueberry. First, we compared water control, 1.0% HC (9.35 L ha–1), and three defoliants [potassium thiosulfate (KTS), urea, and zinc sulfate (ZS)] applied at 6.0% (28 kg ha–1). Model fitting analysis revealed that only HC and ZS advanced both defoliation and budbreak compared with the water control. HC-induced budbreak showed an exponential plateau function with a rapid phase occurring from 0 to 22 days after treatment (DAT), whereas ZS-induced budbreak showed a sigmoidal function with a rapid phase occurring from 15 to 44 DAT. The final budbreak percentage was similar in all treatments (71.7%–83.7%). Compared with the water control, HC and ZS increased yield by up to 171% and 41%, respectively, but the yield increase was statistically significant only for HC. Phytohormone profiling was performed for water-, HC- and ZS-treated flower buds. Both chemicals did not increase gibberellin 4 and indole-3-acetic acid production, but they caused a steady increase in jasmonic acid (JA) during budbreak. Compared with ZS, HC increased JA production to a greater extent and was the only chemical that reduced abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations during budbreak. A follow-up experiment tested ZS at six different rates (0–187 kg ha–1) but detected no significant dose-response on budbreak. These results collectively suggest that defoliants are not effective alternatives to HC, and that HC and ZS have different modes of action in budbreak induction. The high efficacy of HC as a dormancy-breaking agent could be due to its ability to reduce ABA concentrations in buds. Our results also suggest that JA accumulation is involved in budbreak induction in blueberry.

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Fine tuning of hormonal signaling is linked to dormancy status in sweet cherry flower buds

Cited by 8 publications

References 106 publications

Chilling and Heat Requirements of Temperate Stone Fruit Trees (Prunus sp.)

Chilling and Heat Requirements of Temperate Stone Fruit Trees (Prunus sp.)

Predicting bloom dates by temperature mediated kinetics of carbohydrate metabolism in deciduous trees

Budbreak patterns and phytohormone dynamics reveal different modes of action between hydrogen cyanamide- and defoliant-induced flower budbreak in blueberry under inadequate chilling conditions

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