Fine-structured aluminium products with controllable texture by selective laser melting of pre-alloyed AlSi10Mg powder

Thijs, Lore; Kempen, Karolien; Kruth, Jean‐Pierre; Humbeeck, Jan Van

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2012.11.052

Cited by 1,614 publications

(789 citation statements)

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“…1a Figure 3a shows a typical columnar microstructure which is obtained after additive manufacturing with SEBM with a standard cross snake scanning strategy and slow beam parameters. The columnar microstructure with a strong texture in building direction results from epitaxial growth and steep temperature gradients mostly parallel to the building direction [2][3][4]16]. With the same area energy but lower line offset and higher deflection speed the grain structure becomes equiaxed, see Fig.…”

Section: Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tailoring the grain structure of IN718 during selective electron beam melting

Körner

Helmer

Bauereiß

et al. 2014

MATEC Web of Conferences

115

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Abstract. Selective electron beam melting (SEBM) is an additive manufacturing method where complex parts are built from metal powders in layers of about 50 µm. SEBM works under vacuum conditions which results in a perfect protection of the metal alloy. The electron beam is used for heating (about 900 • C building temperature) and selective melting. The high beam velocities allow innovative scanning strategies in order to adapt the local solidification conditions which determine the epitaxial solidification process of IN718. We show how scanning strategies can be used either to produce a columnar grain structure with a high texture in building direction or a complete texture-free fine grained structure. Numerical simulations of the selective melting process are applied to reveal the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the completely different grain structures. In addition the influence of the different grain structures on the mechanical properties of IN718 is briefly discussed.

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Section: Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning powder based AM processes, there are still challenges to overcome like low build-up rates and a high anisotropy in mechanical proporties [2][3][4]. The build-up rate depends strongly on the deflection speed of the used heating source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring the grain structure of IN718 during selective electron beam melting

Körner

Helmer

Bauereiß

et al. 2014

MATEC Web of Conferences

115

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“…However, the previous studies have shown that the feasibility of processing aluminum alloy parts by SLM is considerably lower than that of titanium alloys, nickel alloys, or steels. [19][20][21] This is mainly attributed to the unique physical properties of the aluminum powder including (i) the considerably low absorptivity (only 9%) of the aluminum powder to the laser beam; 19 (ii) the high heat conductivity of 237 W/(mK) 22 that is 11-fold compared to Ti and fivefold compared to Fe; and (iii) the high affinity to oxygen and elevated oxidation kinetics. The rapid dissipation of heat away from the molten pool through the previously solidified material and the formation of oxide layer on the top of the pool in the deposited tracks hinder the diffusion of melt and accordingly reduce the wettability and laser processability.…”

Section: Journal Of Laser Applications Laser Additive Manufacturing Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Densification behavior, microstructure evolution, and wear property of TiC nanoparticle reinforced AlSi10Mg bulk-form nanocomposites prepared by selective laser melting

Wang

Dai

et al. 2014

Journal of Laser Applications

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Selective laser melting (SLM), due to its unique additive manufacturing processing philosophy, demonstrates a high potential in producing bulk-form nanocomposites with novel nanostructures and enhanced properties. In this study, the nanoscale TiC particle reinforced AlSi10Mg nanocomposite parts were produced by SLM process. The influence of “laser energy per unit length” (LEPUL) on densification behavior, microstructural evolution, and wear property of SLM-processed nanocomposites was studied. It showed that using an insufficient LEPUL of 250 J/m lowered the SLM densification due to the balling effect and the formation of residual pores. The highest densification level (>98% theoretical density) was achieved for SLM-processed parts processed at the LEPUL of 700 J/m. The TiC reinforcement in SLM-processed parts experienced a structural change from the standard nanoscale particle morphology (the average size 75–92 nm) to the relatively coarsened submicron structure (the mean particle size 161 nm) as the applied LEPUL increased. The nanostructured TiC reinforcement was generally maintained within a wide range of LEPUL from 250 to 700 J/m and the dispersion state of nanoscale TiC reinforcement was homogenized with increasing LEPUL. The sufficiently high densification rate combined with the uniform distribution of nanoscale TiC reinforcement throughout the matrix led to the considerably low coefficient of friction of 0.38 and wear rate of 2.76 × 10−5 mm3 N−1 m−1 for SLM-processed nanocomposites at 700 J/m. Both the insufficient SLM densification response at a relatively low LEPUL of 250 J/m and the disappearance of nanoscale reinforcement at a high LEPUL of 1000 J/m lowered the wear performance of SLM-processed nanocomposite parts.

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“…• Al-Si alloys: Due to their attractive combination of low weight, high heat conductivity and mechanical properties, Al-Si alloys (AlSi10Mg [151][152][153][154][155][156][157] and Al-12Si [158,159]) have wide applications in aerospace, automotive industries as heat exchangers. AlSi10Mg and Al-12Si are hypoeutectic alloys whose mechanical properties are largely dependant on the morphology of eutectic silicon.…”

Section: Materials Manufactured With Slmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additively Manufactured Inconel 718 : Microstructures and Mechanical Properties

Deng

2018

Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Licentiate Thesis

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Linköping 2018Cover image: A fracture surface of EBM IN718 after tensile test at room temperature.During the course of research underlying this thesis, Dunyong Deng was enrolled in Agora Materiae, a multidiciplinary doctoral program at Linköping University, Sweden. Printed by LiU-Tryck 2018 © Dunyong Deng AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, has gained significant interest in aerospace, energy, automotive and medical industries due to its capabilities of manufacturing components that are either prohibitively costly or impossible to manufacture by conventional processes. Among the various additive manufacturing processes for metallic components, electron beam melting (EBM) and selective laser melting (SLM) are two of the most widely used powder bed based processes, and have shown great potential for manufacturing high-end critical components, such as turbine blades and customized medical implants. The futures of the EBM and SLM are doubtlessly promising, but to fully realize their potentials there are still many challenges to overcome.Inconel 718 (IN718) is a nickel-base superalloy and has impressive combination of good mechanical properties and low cost. Though IN718 is being mostly used as a turbine disk material now, the initial introduction of IN718 was to overcome the poor weldability of superalloys in 1960s, since sluggish precipitation of strengthening phases γ ′ /γ ′′ enables good resistance to strain-age cracking during welding or post weld heat treatment. Given the similarity between AM and welding processes, IN718 has been widely applied to the metallic AM field to facilitate the understandings of process-microstructure-property relationships.The work presented in this licentiate thesis aims to better understand microstructures and mechanical properties EBM and SLM IN718, which have not been systematically investigated. Microstructures of EBM and SLM IN718 have been characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with the process conditions. Monotonic mechanical properties (e.g., Vickers microhardness and tensile properties) have also been measured and rationalized with regards to the microstructure evolutions before and after heat treatments.For EBM IN718, the results show the microstructure is not homogeneous but dependant on the location in the components, and the anisotropic mechanical properties are probably attributed to alignment of porosities rather than texture.iii Post heat treatment can slightly increase the mechanical strength compared to the as-manufactured condition but does not alter the anisotropy. SLM IN718 shows significantly different microstructure and mechanical properties to EBM IN718. The as-manufactured SLM IN718 has very fine dendritic microstructure and Laves phases in the interdendrites, and is "work-hardened" by the residual strains and dislocations present in the material. Mechanical properties are different between horizontally and vertically built samples, and heat treatment can m...

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Fine-structured aluminium products with controllable texture by selective laser melting of pre-alloyed AlSi10Mg powder

Cited by 1,614 publications

References 10 publications

Tailoring the grain structure of IN718 during selective electron beam melting

Tailoring the grain structure of IN718 during selective electron beam melting

Densification behavior, microstructure evolution, and wear property of TiC nanoparticle reinforced AlSi10Mg bulk-form nanocomposites prepared by selective laser melting

Additively Manufactured Inconel 718 : Microstructures and Mechanical Properties

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