Fine-scale spatial genetic structure and clonal distribution of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa

Dahl, Mikael; Pereyra, Ricardo T.; Lundälv, Tomas; André, Carl

doi:10.1007/s00338-012-0937-5

Cited by 52 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Indeed, extremely large and longlived clonally propagating populations exist, such as some sea grass species, with clones that are estimated to be 1000 year (Reusch et al, 1999) or more (Arnaud-Haond et al, 2012). In the case of a terrestrial tree, the age of some clones have been estimated as old as 10 000 year (Ally et al, 2010) and in cold waters, clonal individuals of the coral Lophelia pertusa are estimated to be 4500-6000 year (Dahl et al, 2012). These estimations obtained for several plants and animal groups may in some way indicate the existence of mechanism to largely delay, or even resist, aging in particular clones although the evolutionary significance of these long-term resistance has not been clarify yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long telomeres are associated with clonality in wild populations of the fissiparous starfish Coscinasterias tenuispina

et al. 2015

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Telomeres usually shorten during an organism's lifespan and have thus been used as an aging and health marker. When telomeres become sufficiently short, senescence is induced. The most common method of restoring telomere length is via telomerase reverse transcriptase activity, highly expressed during embryogenesis. However, although asexual reproduction from adult tissues has an important role in the life cycles of certain species, its effect on the aging and fitness of wild populations, as well as its implications for the long-term survival of populations with limited genetic variation, is largely unknown. Here we compare relative telomere length of 58 individuals from four populations of the asexually reproducing starfish Coscinasterias tenuispina. Additionally, 12 individuals were used to compare telomere lengths in regenerating and non-regenerating arms, in two different tissues (tube feet and pyloric cecum). The level of clonality was assessed by genotyping the populations based on 12 specific microsatellite loci and relative telomere length was measured via quantitative PCR. The results revealed significantly longer telomeres in Mediterranean populations than Atlantic ones as demonstrated by the Kruskal-Wallis test (K = 24.17, significant value: P-valueo0.001), with the former also characterized by higher levels of clonality derived from asexual reproduction. Telomeres were furthermore significantly longer in regenerating arms than in non-regenerating arms within individuals (pyloric cecum tissue: Mann-Whitney test, V = 299, P-valueo10 − 6 ; and tube feet tissue Student's t = 2.28, P-value = 0.029). Our study suggests that one of the mechanisms responsible for the long-term somatic maintenance and persistence of clonal populations is telomere elongation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long telomeres are associated with clonality in wild populations of the fissiparous starfish Coscinasterias tenuispina

et al. 2015

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“…Among north Atlantic populations, these estimates have given somewhat contrasting results (Le Goff-Vitry et al, 2004;Morrison et al, 2011;Dahl et al, 2012;Flot et al, 2013;Becheler et al, 2017). Le Goff-Vitry et al (2004) and Morrison et al (2011) found high levels of inbreeding (heterozygote deficits) in a majority of the populations examined.…”

Section: Larval Traits and Effects On Connectivity Patternsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Larval Behavior and Longevity in the Cold-Water Coral Lophelia pertusa Indicate Potential for Long Distance Dispersal

Strömberg

Larsson

2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The life cycle of many marine benthic species includes a pelagic larval stage that governs the connectivity between populations. Larval transport is a function of hydrodynamic and biological processes. Knowledge of how larval traits affect dispersal will increase the accuracy of biophysical models used to predict connectivity, and is of paramount importance for management and conservation. This study examines the larval traits of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa that forms widespread and highly diverse ecosystems in the deep ocean. We monitored development, swimming behavior, and survival under different environmental conditions. We found that the embryonic development rate doubled when the rearing temperature was increased from normal conditions of 7-8 • C to 11-12 • C. Pre-competent planulae migrated vertically upwards at a speed of 0.5-0.7 mm s −1 and crossed salinity gradients with a maximum tested difference of 5 psu with no hesitation. At 3 weeks, planulae had a fully developed mouth and started feeding on animal derivatives, picoplankton, and possibly smaller size microalgae. Presence of food significantly altered the swimming pattern, and feeding was corroborated by direct observation. Planulae survived for up to 10 months in a salinity of 25 psu, which together with the vertical migration pattern and feeding indicates that larvae may spend a period of their pelagic phase in the photic zone. After 50 days, larvae were still in a very good condition as deduced by maintained high swimming speed. Survival rate of developed planulae was on average 60% over a 3-month period, and maximum longevity was a full year, in laboratory cultures.

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“…Furthermore, the effective size of clonal populations should be lower than those of panmictic ones, even in the presence of extensive clonal propagation (Balloux et al, 2003). Finally, intraspecific competition is expected to decrease the number of genotypes over time (Silvertown, 2008;Dahl et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clonal multiplication of aquatic plants may therefore increase in deeper waters of restored wetlands, and clonal richness is an important component in maintaining population viability under such conditions. As vegetative propagation produces ramets that are genetically identical to a mother plant (somatic mutations excluded), and as sexual reproduction generates genotypic and genetic diversity (heterozygosity) within populations through genetic recombination (Dahl et al, 2012), the relative importance of sexual vs. clonal recruitment may affect the dynamics of genetic and genotypic variability during the course of wetland recolonisation by aquatic plants. Both modes of reproduction are successful under different ecological conditions; therefore, a life-history strategy of combining sexual and asexual reproduction can improve population genetic stability when environmental conditions fluctuate (Silvertown, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The water level affects the manner in which aquatic plants reproduce and can modify sexual vs. asexual balance (Thompson and Grime, 1979;Santamaria, 2002). The temporal and spatial transmission of genes is largely determined by an organism's reproductive mode (Dahl et al, 2012), and the majority of perennial aquatic plants that colonise wetlands display both sexual and asexual reproductive modes (Thompson and Grime, 1979;Santamaria, 2002) depending on environmental conditions. Under submerged conditions, many aquatic angiosperms are not able to produce flowers and therefore they might invest more of their efforts into clonal growth (Warwick and Brock, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic temporal dynamics in restored wetlands: A case of a predominantly clonal species, Berula erecta (Huds.) Coville

et al. 2015

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Fine-scale spatial genetic structure and clonal distribution of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa

Cited by 52 publications

References 80 publications

Long telomeres are associated with clonality in wild populations of the fissiparous starfish Coscinasterias tenuispina

Long telomeres are associated with clonality in wild populations of the fissiparous starfish Coscinasterias tenuispina

Larval Behavior and Longevity in the Cold-Water Coral Lophelia pertusa Indicate Potential for Long Distance Dispersal

Genetic temporal dynamics in restored wetlands: A case of a predominantly clonal species, Berula erecta (Huds.) Coville

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