Fine-root biomass and necromass in limed and fertilized Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands

Helmisaari, Heljä‐Sisko; Hallbäcken, Leif

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(98)00514-3

Cited by 95 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The Norway spruce fine root biomass at the ploughed forest sites was 268 g m -2 at site K1 and 248 g m -2 at site K2 when it was assumed that on average 60% of the soil surface is disturbed during ploughing (Ferm andPohtila 1977, Saksa et al 1990). The estimates were at the same level as those reported by Helmisaari and Hallbäcken (1999), 210-528 g m -2 for roots < 2 mm; Lôhmus et al (1991), 126 g m -2 for roots < 1 mm; Vogt et al (1996), 57-202 g m -2 ;and Taskinen et al (2003), 182 g m -2 for a boreal zone Norway spruce forest. This suggests that no major differences in fine root biomass were caused by ploughing at the studied forest sites.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Spatial distribution of fine roots at ploughed Norway spruce forest sites

Tanskanen¹,

Ilvesniemi²

2007

Silva Fenn.

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We examined the spatial distribution of fine roots at two forest sites that were ploughed 20 (site K1) and 33 years (site K2) before sampling and planted with Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings. Soil core samples were taken from the tilt and beneath the tilt, the furrow and the intermediate undisturbed soil to a depth of 0.4 m for fine root biomass, length and necromass determinations. Norway spruce fine roots were found throughout the ploughed forest sites. The fine roots were, however, unevenly distributed: the fine root biomass was highest in the tilt (624 and 452 g m -2 at sites K1 and K2, respectively) and lowest in the undisturbed soil at site K1 (79 g m -2 ) and in the furrow at site K2 (145 g m -2 ). The estimated average fine root biomass at the ploughed forest sites (268 and 248 g m -2 at sites K1 and K2, respectively) was, however, similar to those presented in other studies concerning sites that had not been ploughed. In the tilt, a substantial proportion of the fine roots was in the inverted mineral soil horizons and in the new organic horizon above the tilt. Consistent with the fine root biomass findings, the Norway spruce necromass was highest in the tilt but the vertical distribution of the dead roots was different: the necromass was highest in the buried O BT horizon. The results of this study suggest that at the ploughed forest sites, a substantial part of Norway spruce nutrient and water uptake occured in the tilt during the first 20 or 33 years after plantation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Spatial distribution of fine roots at ploughed Norway spruce forest sites

Tanskanen¹,

Ilvesniemi²

2007

Silva Fenn.

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“…In the following year only light affected significantly diameter and length growth of both species (Table 3). (Helmisaari and Hallbäcken, 1999;Schmid and Kazda, 2002). Our values of 137 (86-209) g m -2 in SC and 184 (116-260) in TC are within this range.…”

Section: Influence Of Overstory Norway Spruce Stand On Growth Of Beecsupporting

confidence: 73%

Fine roots of overstory Norway spruce (Picea abies):

Petriţan¹,

Lüpke²,

Petriţan³

2011

For. syst.

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The horizontal and vertical distribution of live fine roots (diameter < 2 mm) of overstory Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] and their influence on diameter and height growth of underplanted beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) saplings were studied on experimental plots in the Solling Mountains (Germany).The aims of this study were to investigate how overstory fine root density varies with stand density, and how it influences growth of the underplanted saplings to changes in belowground resources availability in connection with simultaneously changing light availability.Most fine roots were concentrated in the humus layer (more than 45%) and in the top mineral soil (0-5 cm, about 15%). Fine root biomass increases with overstory basal area and decreases with rising distance from the nearest overstory tree, reaching about zero within ca. 8 m distance.Over the whole two-year study period, light availability alone was the decisive factor for growth of the beech saplings (5 resp. 6 years of age) while growth of the Douglas-fir saplings in the first study year (6 years of age) was additionally affected by a shortage of belowground resources due to root competition in a season with less than average rainfall.This species-specific response of underplanted saplings to changes in above and belowground resources is of silvicultural importance for the establishment of a mixed stand beneath a mature canopy: the more sensitive Douglasfir should be planted on the central parts of openings with little or none belowground competition while the less sensitive beech can be placed below the denser parts of the overstory.Key words: forest conversion; fine roots; above-and belowground competition; juvenile growth; shade tolerance. Resumen Raíces pequeñas del dosel del pinabete (Picea abies): distribución e influencia en el crecimiento de hayas (Fagus sylvatica) plantadas y brinzales de abetos de Douglas (Pseudotsuga menziesii)Se estudia la distribución horizontal y vertical de las raíces finas (diámetro < 2 mm) vivas del dosel de pinabete y su influencia en el diámetro y el crecimiento en altura de hayas plantadas y en brinzales de abeto Douglas en parcelas experimentales en las montes de Solling (Alemania). Los objetivos de este estudio es analizar cómo la densidad de raíces finas del dosel varía con la densidad del rodal, y cómo influye en el crecimiento de los árboles jóvenes del subpiso debido a los cambios en la disponibilidad de recursos en el suelo, en relación con el cambio al mismo tiempo en la disponibilidad de luz.Las raíces más finas se concentra en la capa de humus (más del 45%) y en la parte mineral superior del suelo (0-5 cm, aproximadamente el 15%). La biomasa de raíces finas aumenta con el área bisimétrica del dosel y disminuye con la distancia creciente al árbol más cercano del dosel, hasta llegar a cero dentro de ca. 8 m de distancia.Durante el periodo de estudio de dos años, la disponibilidad de luz era el único factor decisivo para el crecimiento de los...

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“…In Finland, on nutrient poor, relatively unpolluted forest sites, Helmisaari and Hallbäcken (1999) found a decrease in fine root biomass in Norway spruce in response to liming, while increased root growth was found in a heavily polluted pine stand closest to a copper-nickel smelter , indicating that the fine root biomass is dependent on edaphic conditions. In our study, in pine stands growing on low productive mineral soil (Tables 1 and 2), we found no effect of liming on the fine root biomass.…”

Section: Ecm Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, some Finnish studies report on lower fine root biomass (Helmisaari and Hallbäcken 1999) and increased mortality of mycorrhizal root tips (Lehto 1994a, b) after liming.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long term effect of liming and fertilization on ectomycorrhizal colonization and tree growth in old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands

Børja¹,

Nilsen

2008

Plant Soil

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In this study, we surveyed the long term effects of liming and fertilizing in old Scots pine stands on the ectomycorrhiza (ECM) colonization, tree growth and needle nutrient concentration 35 years later. Four mature stands of Scots pine on low productive mineral soil were limed in 1959 and 1964 with total doses of limestone ranging from 3 to 15 Mg ha −1 and fertilized with nitrogen (N) in 1970.Thirty-five years after the first liming treatment, all stands were analysed for tree growth and needle nutrient concentrations and two of the stands were also analysed for ECM colonization. ECM colonization increased significantly with liming from 61.5% in the control plots to 88% in the plot with the highest limestone dose. ECM colonization increased with increasing pH in the humus layer from 62% colonization at pH=3.5 to 90% at pH=6.5 and decreased with increasing amount of extractable phosphorus (P) in the humus. Liming did not affect the frequencies of different ECM morphotypes or dead short root tips, the fine root biomass or necromass. ECM colonization was uncorrelated with needle nutrient concentrations or tree increment. Liming did not significantly affect tree growth. However, nutrient concentrations of currentyear needles were affected by prior liming. Ca concentrations in current-year needles increased from approximately 15 mg g −1 in control treatments to more than 30 mg g −1 in limed plots, whereas concentrations of Mn, Al, Fe, and in two stands, B, decreased due to liming. In conclusion, liming with doses up to 15 Mg ha −1 was detectable in stands 35 years after treatment.The liming significantly increased the ECM colonization of Scots pine fine roots, increased the needle nutrient concentration of Ca and decreased the needle concentrations of Mn, Al, and Fe.

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Fine-root biomass and necromass in limed and fertilized Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands

Cited by 95 publications

References 22 publications

Spatial distribution of fine roots at ploughed Norway spruce forest sites

Spatial distribution of fine roots at ploughed Norway spruce forest sites

Fine roots of overstory Norway spruce (Picea abies):

Long term effect of liming and fertilization on ectomycorrhizal colonization and tree growth in old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands

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