Fine mapping of the sex locus in Salix triandra confirms a consistent sex determination mechanism in genus Salix

Li, Wei; Wu, Huaitong; Li, Xiaoping; Chen, Ying-Nan; Yin, Tongming

doi:10.1038/s41438-020-0289-1

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…Further perspectives for understanding functional traits are available via whole-genome sequencing studies. A couple of studies focused so far on sex determination systems in willows [49,65,74], but genome sequencing data will also help to understand functional traits [67].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolutionary History, Diversity, and Ecology of Willows (Salix L.) in the European Alps

Wagner

Hörandl

2021

Diversity

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The genus Salix (willows), with 33 species, represents the most diverse genus of woody plants in the European Alps. Many species dominate subalpine and alpine types of vegetation. Despite a long history of research on willows, the evolutionary and ecological factors for this species richness are poorly known. Here we will review recent progress in research on phylogenetic relationships, evolution, ecology, and speciation in alpine willows. Phylogenomic reconstructions suggest multiple colonization of the Alps, probably from the late Miocene onward, and reject hypotheses of a single radiation. Relatives occur in the Arctic and in temperate Eurasia. Most species are widespread in the European mountain systems or in the European lowlands. Within the Alps, species differ ecologically according to different elevational zones and habitat preferences. Homoploid hybridization is a frequent process in willows and happens mostly after climatic fluctuations and secondary contact. Breakdown of the ecological crossing barriers of species is followed by introgressive hybridization. Polyploidy is an important speciation mechanism, as 40% of species are polyploid, including the four endemic species of the Alps. Phylogenomic data suggest an allopolyploid origin for all taxa analyzed so far. Further studies are needed to specifically analyze biogeographical history, character evolution, and genome evolution of polyploids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolutionary History, Diversity, and Ecology of Willows (Salix L.) in the European Alps

Wagner

Hörandl

2021

Diversity

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“…In willow ( Salix spp. ), the SDR was identified on chromosome 15 with female heterogamety (ZW) in Salix viminalis ( Pucholt et al, 2015 ), Salix suchowensis ( Hou et al, 2015 ; Chen et al, 2016 ), Salix purpurea ( Zhou et al, 2018 ), and Salix triandra ( Li et al, 2020 ). A recent study revealed large palindromic structures on the W chromosome of S. purpurea and an ortholog of ARR17 ( Salix purpurea RESPONSE REGULATOR 9, SpRR9 ) was suggested as a strong candidate gene for sex determination ( Zhou et al, 2020a ).…”

Section: Genetic Mechanisms Of Sex Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diversity and Dynamics of Sex Determination in Dioecious Plants

Montalvão¹,

Kersten²,

Fladung³

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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The diversity of inflorescences among flowering plants is captivating. Such charm is not only due to the variety of sizes, shapes, colors, and flowers displayed, but also to the range of reproductive systems. For instance, hermaphrodites occur abundantly throughout the plant kingdom with both stamens and carpels within the same flower. Nevertheless, 10% of flowering plants have separate unisexual flowers, either in different locations of the same individual (monoecy) or on different individuals (dioecy). Despite their rarity, dioecious plants provide an excellent opportunity to investigate the mechanisms involved in sex expression and the evolution of sex-determining regions (SDRs) and sex chromosomes. The SDRs and the evolution of dioecy have been studied in many species ranging from Ginkgo to important fruit crops. Some of these studies, for example in asparagus or kiwifruit, identified two sex-determining genes within the non-recombining SDR and may thus be consistent with the classical model for the evolution of dioecy from hermaphroditism via gynodioecy, that predicts two successive mutations, the first one affecting male and the second one female function, becoming linked in a region of suppressed recombination. On the other hand, aided by genome sequencing and gene editing, single factor sex determination has emerged in other species, such as persimmon or poplar. Despite the diversity of sex-determining mechanisms, a tentative comparative analysis of the known sex-determining genes and candidates in different species suggests that similar genes and pathways may be employed repeatedly for the evolution of dioecy. The cytokinin signaling pathway appears important for sex determination in several species regardless of the underlying genetic system. Additionally, tapetum-related genes often seem to act as male-promoting factors when sex is determined via two genes. We present a unified model that synthesizes the genetic networks of sex determination in monoecious and dioecious plants and will support the generation of hypothesis regarding candidate sex determinants in future studies.

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“…SSR markers are present in almost all species, particularly in eukaryotes. These markers have many applications, such as constructing linkage maps, fine mapping of genes, and selective breeding through genomic selection 2 , 23 – 25 . SSRs have become extremely popular for phylogenetic analysis and have expanded our knowledge related to plant breeding 26 – 28 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive analysis of SSRs and database construction using all complete gene-coding sequences in major horticultural and representative plants

et al. 2021

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Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are one of the most important genetic markers and widely exist in most species. Here, we identified 249,822 SSRs from 3,951,919 genes in 112 plants. Then, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of these SSRs and constructed a plant SSR database (PSSRD). Interestingly, more SSRs were found in lower plants than in higher plants, showing that lower plants needed to adapt to early extreme environments. Four specific enriched functional terms in the lower plant Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were detected when it was compared with seven other higher plants. In addition, Guanylate_cyc existed in more genes of lower plants than of higher plants. In our PSSRD, we constructed an interactive plotting function in the chart interface, and users can easily view the detailed information of SSRs. All SSR information, including sequences, primers, and annotations, can be downloaded from our database. Moreover, we developed Web SSR Finder and Batch SSR Finder tools, which can be easily used for identifying SSRs. Our database was developed using PHP, HTML, JavaScript, and MySQL, which are freely available at http://www.pssrd.info/. We conducted an analysis of the Myb gene families and flowering genes as two applications of the PSSRD. Further analysis indicated that whole-genome duplication and whole-genome triplication played a major role in the expansion of the Myb gene families. These SSR markers in our database will greatly facilitate comparative genomics and functional genomics studies in the future.

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Fine mapping of the sex locus in Salix triandra confirms a consistent sex determination mechanism in genus Salix

Cited by 19 publications

References 66 publications

The Evolutionary History, Diversity, and Ecology of Willows (Salix L.) in the European Alps

The Evolutionary History, Diversity, and Ecology of Willows (Salix L.) in the European Alps

The Diversity and Dynamics of Sex Determination in Dioecious Plants

Comprehensive analysis of SSRs and database construction using all complete gene-coding sequences in major horticultural and representative plants

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