Findings from the Quebec Family Study on the Etiology of Obesity: Genetics and Environmental Highlights

Chaput, Jean‐Philippe; Pérusse, Louis; Després, Jean‐Pierre; Tremblay, Angelo; Bouchard, Claude

doi:10.1007/s13679-013-0086-3

Cited by 74 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Authors compared within versus between family variations; it showed that there was a higher variation, between families than within families in relation to body composition, body fatness and also for energy intake and expenditure. The overall changes or variations were more in the subjects sharing both familial environment and genes compared to the ones sharing only familial environment [21].…”

Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…A study was conducted in Canada to review the relationship between behavioural and genetic findings in relation to adiposity, body weight, obesity and adipose tissue distribution [21]. This was an observational study; first authors looked at the studies related to genetics of obesity; the result was that there was significance for various phenotypes of obesity with familial resemblance.…”

Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study showed that there was a significant effect of familial resemblance on genetics. This lead to heritability estimates that ranged from 56% to abdominal visceral fat and 42% for subcutaneous abdominal fat [21]. This study was a review of previous studies that has been done so far on genetics and how it could affect the epidemic obesity.…”

Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through this review authors also concluded that out that the heredity could also play a role in exercise intensity and alcohol consumption, it had a major influence on adiposity. Future research should look at this relationship in more detail as genetics could play a significant role in weight status of an individual [21].…”

Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social and Physical Determinants of Obesity in Adults

Brahmbhatt¹

2017

AOWMC

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Obesity is one of the major health concerns in the United States. Obesity in turn leads to many other chronic health problems like diabetes, cardiovascular disease and many more. This review was done on the social and physical factors that contribute to the obesity epidemic. Social factors that were included in this review were financial stress, post traumatic stress, sleep, marriage and health literacy. Physical factors that were reviewed here were physical activity, natural environment, food environment, worksite settings, pregnancy and genetics. The data was collected from government organizations like National Institute of Health (NIH) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Also, peer reviewed articles were selected based on the relevance to this review from the last five years (2011 to 2015). The result of this review was that these social and physical factors were significantly contributing to the major health problem, obesity. Overall, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of obesity among adults in United States and this review sheds some light on the factors responsible for it.

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Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social and Physical Determinants of Obesity in Adults

Brahmbhatt¹

2017

AOWMC

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“…Visceral fat accumulation increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases [30]. Environmental factors and genetics influence body fat distribution but genetics appears to have a greater role in fat distribution while diet and exercise have more effect on total body fat content [45]. There are so many causes of obesity, some of which are based on peoples' perception, the so called probable or presumed causes, while others are based on established facts that were published in literature.…”

Section: Causes Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Obesity, Presumed and Proven Causes and Prevention Strategies: A Review

Uzogara¹

2016

AOWMC

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The obesity epidemic has been widespread in many countries, and has several adverse consequences. So many factors, some probable, others verified and documented, are known to contribute to the obesity problem in developed and developing countries. Nutritionists and other health professionals need to be skilled in understanding these various causes and their health implications. They should also be able to assess excessive body weight in clinical and other settings. Armed with this knowledge, health professionals should therefore be able to advise consumers and clients struggling with weight management on cost-effective preventive strategies to prevent or reduce incidence of obesity. In addition, nutritionists should be able to advise food manufacturers to make and market healthy food products. This paper will address the growing concern on obesity epidemic by reviewing the presumed and published or proven causes of obesity and the various methods for measurement of obesity. Strategies for preventing obesity will also be discussed. Such strategies would include health education, lifestyle changes, physical activity, diet and behaviour modifications as well as reading food labels and proper food selection. Preventive strategies for obesity and overweight when properly implemented are very cost effective especially at personal and community levels and will ensure good health and wellness in many populations. Keywords IntroductionObesity and overweight trends have reached epidemic proportions in many countries [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8], and have serious health and socio-economic consequences. In addition, obesity has negative medical, psychological and quality of life consequences, drains health care resources and reduces life expectancy. The International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) and WHO project that obesity rates worldwide would increase very significantly by 2025 unless appropriate intervention is taken [8,9]. In the USA, between 2011 & 2012, the percent of US adults aged 20 years and above who are obese was reported to be 35.1 %, while the percent of US adults who had excess body weight (overweight and obesity)in the same period was 69.0% according to published reports [2,10]. Obesity and related chronic diseases are no longer a problem of affluent countries alone, as poor developing countries, middle income countries or countries undergoing economic transition, are also affected by the epidemic [4,[6][7][8]. Global, national and state public health agencies as well as their nutritionists, researchers and educators have raised awareness or taken immediate action to arrest the increasing weight trends and obesity in adults, the youth and children [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Despite the high prevalence of obesity in many parts of the world, segments of populations (such as geriatric, very sick people, preschool children, pregnant & lactating women) suffer from underweight [7,[17][18][19]. In some developing countries, various types of unhealthy weight such as obesity, overweight and underweight, can coexist...

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Heritability of Body Mass Index Among Familial Generations

Chodick,

Simchoni,

Jensen

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceStudies on the familial effects of body mass index (BMI) status have yielded a wide range of data on its heritability.ObjectiveTo assess the heritability of obesity by measuring the association between the BMIs of fathers, mothers, and their offspring at the same age.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used data from population-wide mandatory medical screening before compulsory military service in Israel. The study included participants examined between January 1, 1986, and December 31, 2018, whose both parents had their BMI measurement taken at their own prerecruitment evaluation in the past. Data analysis was performed from May to December 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresSpearman correlation coefficients were calculated for offsprings’ BMI and their mothers’, fathers’, and midparental BMI percentile (the mean of the mothers’ and fathers’ BMI cohort- and sex-specific BMI percentile) to estimate heritability. Logistic regression models were applied to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs of obesity compared with healthy BMI, according to parental BMI status.ResultsA total of 447 883 offspring (235 105 male [52.5%]; mean [SD] age, 17.09 [0.34] years) with both parents enrolled and measured for BMI at 17 years of age were enrolled in the study, yielding a total study population of 1 343 649 individuals. Overall, the correlation between midparental BMI percentile at 17 years of age and the offspring’s BMI at 17 years of age was moderate (ρ = 0.386). Among female offspring, maternal-offspring BMI correlation (ρ = 0.329) was somewhat higher than the paternal-offspring BMI correlation (ρ = 0.266). Among trios in which both parents had a healthy BMI, the prevalence of overweight or obesity in offspring was 15.4%; this proportion increased to 76.6% when both parents had obesity and decreased to 3.3% when both parents had severe underweight. Compared with healthy weight, maternal (OR, 4.96; 95% CI, 4.63-5.32), paternal (OR, 4.48; 95% CI, 4.26-4.72), and parental (OR, 6.44; 95% CI, 6.22-6.67) obesity (midparent BMI in the ≥95th percentile) at 17 years of age were associated with increased odds of obesity among offspring.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of military enrollees whose parents also underwent prerecruitment evaluations, the observed correlation between midparental and offspring BMI, coupled with a calculated narrow-sense heritability of 39%, suggested a substantive contribution of genetic factors to BMI variation at 17 years of age.

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Findings from the Quebec Family Study on the Etiology of Obesity: Genetics and Environmental Highlights

Cited by 74 publications

References 75 publications

Social and Physical Determinants of Obesity in Adults

Social and Physical Determinants of Obesity in Adults

Assessment of Obesity, Presumed and Proven Causes and Prevention Strategies: A Review

Heritability of Body Mass Index Among Familial Generations

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