Finding the Gentrification Frontier Using Census Data: The Case of Portland, Maine

Heidkamp, C. Patrick; Lucas, Sebastian

doi:10.2747/0272-3638.27.2.101

Cited by 31 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For an area considered gentrifiable to gentrify, its social status (measured through income, education and percentage of residents in professional occupations) (Filion, 1991;Freeman, 2005;Heidkamp and Lucas, 2006;Ley, 1986) needs to increase faster than that of the city. At the same time, rents and house values should be observed to increase faster than the city as a whole (Hammel and Wyly, 1996;Kahn, 2007;Lin, 2002).…”

Section: Defining Gentrificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban rapid rail transit and gentrification in Canadian urban centres: A survival analysis approach

2014

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Despite the existing knowledge that urban rapid rail transit has many effects on surrounding areas, and despite some attempts to understand the links between transit and gentrification, there remain methodological gaps in the research. This study addresses the relationship between the implementation of urban rapid rail transit and gentrification, which is conceived of as an event. As such, an event analysis approach using 'survival analysis' is adopted as the statistical analytical tool. It tests whether proximity to rail transit is related to the onset of gentrification in census tracts in Canada's largest cities. It is found that proximity to rail transit, and to other gentrifying census tracts, have a statistically significant effect on gentrification in two of the three cities analysed. By providing a methodological framework for the empirical analysis of the impact of urban rail transit on gentrification, this paper is a reference for both researchers and transportation planners.

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Section: Defining Gentrificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban rapid rail transit and gentrification in Canadian urban centres: A survival analysis approach

2014

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“…The resulting timing and patterning of gentrification was then field tested and confirmed by those with expertise in each of the three metropolitan areas. Our methodology thus builds from the contributions provided by Hammel and Wyly (1996), Wyly and Hammel (1998), Meligrana and Skaburskis (2005), and Heidkamp and Lucas (2006) for detecting gentrification. The different trajectories of neighborhood gentrification and upgrading are presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Measuring Gentrification In Canada's Largest Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gentrification, Social Mix, and Social Polarization: Testing the Linkages in Large Canadian Cities

2008

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Gentrification in the form of "neighborhood revitalization" is increasingly touted as one way of decreasing the social exclusion of residents of poor inner-city neighborhoods and of increasing levels of social mix and social interaction between different classes and ethnic groups. Yet the gentrification literature also suggests that the process may lead to increased social conflict, displacement of poorer residents to lower quality housing elsewhere, and, ultimately, social polarization. Much of this hinges on whether gentrifying neighborhoods can remain socially mixed, and whether neighborhood compositional changes result in more or less of a polarized class and ethnic structure. However, the impact of revitalization and gentrification on levels of social mix, income polarization, or ethnic diversity within neighborhoods remains unclear and under-explored. This study addresses this gap by examining the relationship between the timing of gentrification, changes in the income structure, and shifts in immigrant concentration and ethnic diversity, using census tract data for each decade from 1971 to 2001 in Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. This research demonstrates that gentrification is followed by declining, rather than improving, levels of social mix, ethnic diversity, and immigrant concentration within affected neighborhoods. At the same time, gentrification is implicated in the growth of neighborhood income polarization and inequality. [

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“…To measure neighborhood ascent, I draw on past research that used discriminant analysis to identify characteristics distinguishing gentrified areas from other types of areas (Schuler, Kent, and Monroe ; Hammel and Wyly ; Wyly and Hammel , ; Heidkamp and Lucas ). Discriminant analysis evaluates observations classified a priori into categories and identifies variables that best distinguish between the categories.…”

Section: Data and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhoods on the Rise: A Typology of Neighborhoods Experiencing Socioeconomic Ascent

Owens

2012

City & Community

139

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Neighborhoods are an important source of inequality, and neighborhood change may lead to changing opportunities for residents. Past research on neighborhood upgrading tends to focus on one process: gentrification. I argue that a broader range of types of neighborhood socioeconomic ascent requires examination. This article documents the different types of neighborhoods ascending from 1970 to the present. Using principal components analysis and cluster analysis, I report the prevalence of socioeconomic ascent, based on increases in neighborhood income, rents, house values, and educational and occupational attainment, among five to seven types of neighborhoods in each decade. I also examine population and housing changes that co‐occur with ascent to identify processes of ascent beyond gentrification. Overall, findings suggest mixed implications for neighborhood inequality. While white suburban neighborhoods make up the bulk of neighborhoods that ascend in each decade, minority and immigrant neighborhoods become increasingly likely to ascend over time, though displacement may occur.

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Finding the Gentrification Frontier Using Census Data: The Case of Portland, Maine

Cited by 31 publications

References 42 publications

Urban rapid rail transit and gentrification in Canadian urban centres: A survival analysis approach

Urban rapid rail transit and gentrification in Canadian urban centres: A survival analysis approach

Gentrification, Social Mix, and Social Polarization: Testing the Linkages in Large Canadian Cities

Neighborhoods on the Rise: A Typology of Neighborhoods Experiencing Socioeconomic Ascent

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