Finding new friends and revisiting old ones – how plant lipid droplets connect with other subcellular structures

Scholz, Patricia; Chapman, Kent D.; Mullen, Robert T.; Ischebeck, Till

doi:10.1111/nph.18390

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Two steroleosin isoforms were detected in tubers (Figure S5b). Interestingly, seed lipid droplet protein (SLDP), another LD‐associated protein (Kretzschmar et al., 2020) that is seed‐ and seedling‐specific in Arabidopsis (Klepikova et al., 2016) and is part of a membrane contact site between LDs and the plasma membrane (Krawczyk et al., 2022; Scholz et al., 2022), was also detected in tubers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A seed‐like proteome in oil‐rich tubers

et al. 2022

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SUMMARY There are numerous examples of plant organs or developmental stages that are desiccation‐tolerant and can withstand extended periods of severe water loss. One prime example are seeds and pollen of many spermatophytes. However, in some plants, also vegetative organs can be desiccation‐tolerant. One example are the tubers of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus), which also store large amounts of lipids similar to seeds. Interestingly, the closest known relative, purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus), generates tubers that do not accumulate oil and are not desiccation‐tolerant. We generated nanoLC‐MS/MS‐based proteomes of yellow nutsedge in five replicates of four stages of tuber development and compared them to the proteomes of roots and leaves, yielding 2257 distinct protein groups. Our data reveal a striking upregulation of hallmark proteins of seeds in the tubers. A deeper comparison to the tuber proteome of the close relative purple nutsedge (C. rotundus) and a previously published proteome of Arabidopsis seeds and seedlings indicates that indeed a seed‐like proteome was found in yellow but not purple nutsedge. This was further supported by an analysis of the proteome of a lipid droplet‐enriched fraction of yellow nutsedge, which also displayed seed‐like characteristics. One reason for the differences between the two nutsedge species might be the expression of certain transcription factors homologous to ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3, WRINKLED1, and LEAFY COTYLEDON1 that drive gene expression in Arabidopsis seed embryos.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A seed‐like proteome in oil‐rich tubers

et al. 2022

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“…Further, consistent with the close relationship between peroxisomes and mitochondria, recent studies have shown peroxisomal de novo biogenesis from mitochondria [ 27 , 43 – 46 ]. Peroxisomes are also associated with lipid bodies in different experimental models [ 24 – 26 , 47 ]. Moreover, Bartz et al showed the presence of bidirectional lipid trafficking between peroxisomes and lipid bodies [ 23 ], suggesting coordinated regulation of lipid metabolism and energy balance by peroxisomes and lipid bodies [ 21 , 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACOX-driven peroxisomal heterogeneity and functional compartmentalization in brown adipocytes of hypothyroid rats

et al. 2023

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We previously demonstrated that hypothyroidism increases peroxisomal biogenesis in rat brown adipose tissue (BAT). We also showed heterogeneity in peroxisomal origin and their unique structural association with mitochondria and/or lipid bodies to carry out β-oxidation, contributing thus to BAT thermogenesis. Distinctive heterogeneity creates structural compartmentalization within peroxisomal population, raising the question of whether it is followed by their functional compartmentalization regarding localization/colocalization of two main acyl-CoA oxidase (ACOX) isoforms, ACOX1 and ACOX3. ACOX is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of peroxisomal β-oxidation, and, to date, their protein expression patterns in BAT have not been fully defined. Therefore, we used methimazole-induced hypothyroidism to study ACOX1 and ACOX3 protein expression and their tissue immunolocalization. Additionally, we analysed their specific peroxisomal localization and colocalization in parallel with peroxisomal structural compartmentalization in brown adipocytes. Hypothyroidism caused a linear increase in ACOX1 expression, while a temporary decrease in ACOX3 levels is only recovered to the control level at day 21. Peroxisomal ACOX1 and ACOX3 localization and colocalization patterns entirely mirrored heterogeneous peroxisomal biogenesis pathways and structural compartmentalization, e.g. associations with mitochondria and/or lipid bodies. Hence, different ACOX isoforms localization/colocalization creates distinct functional heterogeneity of peroxisomes and drives their functional compartmentalization in rat brown adipocytes.

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“…As a note, the lipid droplets mentioned here in this study are not what had been described as “oil body” in liverworts. Lipid droplets are present in almost all green plants accumulating compounds that are not soluble in the aqueous phase, and oil bodies are present only in liverwort, storing large quantities of toxic sesquiterpenoids [ 17 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]. Lipid droplets are subcellular organelles of monolayer membranes with a diameter of about 0.5–2 µm, while oil bodies are an endocrine structure surrounded by a lipid bilayer membrane [ 13 , 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Heat Stress in Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens Provides Novel Insight into the Functions of Plant RNase H1s

Yang

Duan

et al. 2022

IJMS

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RNase H1s are associated with growth and development in both plants and animals, while the roles of RNase H1s in bryophytes have been rarely reported. Our previous data found that PpRNH1A, a member of the RNase H1 family, could regulate the development of Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens by regulating the auxin. In this study, we further investigated the biological functions of PpRNH1A and found PpRNH1A may participate in response to heat stress by affecting the numbers and the mobilization of lipid droplets and regulating the expression of heat-related genes. The expression level of PpRNH1A was induced by heat stress (HS), and we found that the PpRNH1A overexpression plants (A-OE) were more sensitive to HS. At the same time, A-OE plants have a higher number of lipid droplets but with less mobility in cells. Consistent with the HS sensitivity phenotype in A-OE plants, transcriptomic analysis results indicated that PpRNH1A is involved in the regulation of expression of heat-related genes such as DNAJ and DNAJC. Taken together, these results provide novel insight into the functions of RNase H1s.

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Finding new friends and revisiting old ones – how plant lipid droplets connect with other subcellular structures

Cited by 12 publications

References 51 publications

A seed‐like proteome in oil‐rich tubers

A seed‐like proteome in oil‐rich tubers

ACOX-driven peroxisomal heterogeneity and functional compartmentalization in brown adipocytes of hypothyroid rats

Regulation of Heat Stress in Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens Provides Novel Insight into the Functions of Plant RNase H1s

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