Find and Irradiate — Lasers Used for Weed Control

Kaierle, Stefan; Marx, Christian; Rath, Thomas; Hustedt, Michael

doi:10.1002/latj.201390038

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…There are four primary physical weed control actuators that may be coupled with a weed detection system: (i) mechanical intra‐ and inter‐row cultivation, (ii) thermal weed control, (iii) abrasion, and (iv) mowing . All these methods have the advantage of being physical pest control devices as defined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) as well as Organisation for Co‐operation and Economic Development (OECD) members, and are not regulated as pesticides .…”

Section: Weed Control Robotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robotic weeders can improve weed control options for specialty crops

Fennimore

Cutulle

2019

Pest Management Science

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Specialty crop herbicides are not a priority for the agrochemical industry, and many of these crops do not have access to effective herbicides. High-value fruit and vegetable crops represent small markets and high potential liability in the case of herbicide-induced crop damage. Meanwhile, conventional and organic specialty crop producers are experiencing labor shortages and higher manual weeding costs. Robotic weeders are promising new weed control tools for specialty crops, because they are cheaper to develop and, with fewer environmental and human health risks, are less regulated than herbicides. Now is the time for greater investment in robotic weeders as new herbicides are expensive to develop and few in number, organic crops need better weed control technology and governments are demanding reduced use of pesticides. Public funding of fundamental research on robotic weeder technology can help improve weed and crop recognition, weed control actuators, and expansion of weed science curricula to train students in this technology. Robotic weeders can expand the array of tools available to specialty crop growers. However, the development of robotic weeders will require a broader recognition that these tools are a viable path to create new weed control tools for specialty crops. ActuationActuators consist of devices such as cultivators that uproot weeds, those that damage weed foliage with propane burners, lasers Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75: 1767-1774

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Section: Weed Control Robotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robotic weeders can improve weed control options for specialty crops

Fennimore

Cutulle

2019

Pest Management Science

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“…To accommodate losses in the targeting of weeds, a 6-mm spot diameter has been used in determining energy estimates for the pyrolysis approach (Heisel et al 2001(Heisel et al , 2002. For a CO 2 laser, 21 to 101 J per weed was required for 90% biomass reduction in 2-leaf-stage dandelion, redroot pigweed, and cultivated tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) (Kaierle et al 2013;Langner et al 2006;Wöltjen et al 2008). Similar biomass reductions for barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.…”

Section: Site-specific Herbicide Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laser weeding involves the use of a laser beam for pyrolysis (burning) or cutting. Effectiveness is dependent on laser type, laser spot size, plant morphology, treatment duration, and weed size (Kaierle et al 2013;Marx et al 2012;Mathiassen et al 2006). The calculated energy estimates presented for each laser system were based on reported electro-optical (e/o) efficiency, with estimates calculated by dividing reported laser energy consumption by the reported efficiency, where it had not been already incorporated (Table 5) (Gates et al 1965;Kim and Ki 2012;Marx et al 2012;Wöltjen et al 2008).…”

Section: Site-specific Herbicide Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using energy requirements to compare the suitability of alternative methods for broadcast and site-specific weed control

et al. 2019

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The widespread use of herbicides in cropping systems has led to the evolution of resistance in major weeds. The resultant loss of herbicide efficacy is compounded by a lack of new herbicide sites of action, driving demand for alternative weed control technologies. While there are many alternative methods for control, identifying the most appropriate method to pursue for commercial development has been hampered by the inability to compare techniques in a fair and equitable manner. Given that all currently available and alternative weed control methods share an intrinsic energy consumption, the aim of this review was to compare methods based on energy consumption. Energy consumption was compared for chemical, mechanical, and thermal weed control technologies when applied as broadcast (whole-field) and site-specific treatments. Tillage systems, such as flex-tine harrow (4.2 to 5.5 MJ ha−1), sweep cultivator (13 to 14 MJ ha−1), and rotary hoe (12 to 17 MJ ha−1) consumed the least energy of broadcast weed control treatments. Thermal-based approaches, including flaming (1,008 to 4,334 MJ ha−1) and infrared (2,000 to 3,887 MJ ha−1), are more appropriate for use in conservation cropping systems; however, their energy requirements are 100- to 1,000-fold greater than those of tillage treatments. The site-specific application of weed control treatments to control 2-leaf-stage broadleaf weeds at a density of 5 plants m−2 reduced energy consumption of herbicidal, thermal, and mechanical treatments by 97%, 99%, and 97%, respectively. Significantly, this site-specific approach resulted in similar energy requirements for current and alternative technologies (e.g., electrocution [15 to 19 MJ ha−1], laser pyrolysis [15 to 249 MJ ha−1], hoeing [17 MJ ha−1], and herbicides [15 MJ ha−1]). Using similar energy sources, a standardized energy comparison provides an opportunity for estimation of weed control costs, suggesting site-specific weed management is critical in the economically realistic implementation of alternative technologies.

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“…Existem outras opções no controle térmico a exemplo de rio laser, de água quente, vapor, óleo quente e descarga elétrica. Kaierle et al (2013), observaram excelente potencial de controle da planta daninha Amaranthus retroflexus com o uso de radiação a laser (25 J por planta). Já Pinel et al (2000), observaram controle de 98% das plantas daninhas com a utilização de vaporização.…”

Section: Controle Térmicounclassified

Métodos de controle de plantas daninhas em sistemas orgânicos: breve revisão

Costa¹,

Rodrigues-Costa²,

Coelho³

et al. 2018

RBHerbicidas

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O manejo das plantas daninhas em sistemas orgânicos de produção agrícola representa um grande desafio aos produtores. Para o enfretamento deste desafio torna-se necessário a exploração de práticas de manejo sustentáveis e o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias. Ressalta-se que existe alternativas tecnológicas ou biológicas que podem ser utilizadas no manejo das plantas daninhas em sistemas orgânicos, e serem empregadas em grandes áreas. Estratégias culturais, biológicos, mecânicos e físicos de manejo podem ser eficientes no controle das plantas daninhas, bem como reduzir o uso de controle químico na agricultura convencional. Desta forma, esta revisão de literatura teve como objetivo o de apresentar métodos alternativos de controle de plantas daninhas e o potencial uso em áreas orgânicas de produção agrícola. Os métodos de controle das plantas daninhas em áreas orgânicas devem abordar sempre estratégias integradas e de forma sustentável.

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Find and Irradiate — Lasers Used for Weed Control

Cited by 23 publications

References 5 publications

Robotic weeders can improve weed control options for specialty crops

Robotic weeders can improve weed control options for specialty crops

Using energy requirements to compare the suitability of alternative methods for broadcast and site-specific weed control

Métodos de controle de plantas daninhas em sistemas orgânicos: breve revisão

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