“…In fact, SMEs globally, not only in Jordan, are now facing various issues, including the finance related issues (see Irwin and Scott, 2010;Okpara, 2011;Mina et al, 2013;Lee et al, 2015;Al-Hyari et al, 2012;Cowling et al, 2018;Madrid-Guijarro et al, 2016), as well as issues that arise from government rules (see Al-Hyari et al, 2012;Madrid-Guijarro et al, 2009;Siaw and Rani, 2012;Strobel and Kratzer, 2017;Gill and Biger, 2012).…”