“…In practice, selected financial ratios are more sensitive than others in detecting fraud in financial statements; based on which a logistic regression model for detecting financial statements fraud is developed (Kanapickienė and Grundienė, 2015). Additionally, traditional regression analysis has also been utilized to uncover fraud in financial statements through fraud signals, but more sophisticated data mining techniques have emerged to assist auditors, forensic accountants, and regulators in combatting fraud (Sanad and Al-Sartawi, 2021). Statistical and Machine Learning Algorithms have been widely used in detecting financial statement fraud, namely logistic regression, support vector machines, artificial neural network, bagging, C4.5, and stacking (Perols, 2011).…”