Final Palaeolithic settlements of the Campine region (NE Belgium) in their environmental context: Optical age constraints

Derese, Cilia; Vandenberghe, Dimitri; Gils, Marijn Van; Mees, Florias; Paulissen, Étienne; haute, Peter Van den

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2011.03.023

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…8 and 9). The Late Pleistocene age of unit 1 is based on the results of previous age determination in other parts of Flevoland (Wiggers, 1955;Spek et al, 1997) and is in agreement with the general chronology of Late Pleistocene sand deposits in other parts of NW Europe (Kasse, 1997;Clarke et al, 2001;Radtke et al, 2001;Kasse, 2002;Koster, 2005;Derese et al, 2012).…”

Section: Lithostratigraphysupporting

confidence: 81%

Landscape potential for the adoption of crop cultivation: Role of local soil properties and groundwater table rise during 6000–5400 BP in Flevoland (central Netherlands)

Biggelaar

Kluiving

Bohncke

et al. 2015

Quaternary International

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Section: Lithostratigraphysupporting

confidence: 81%

Landscape potential for the adoption of crop cultivation: Role of local soil properties and groundwater table rise during 6000–5400 BP in Flevoland (central Netherlands)

Biggelaar

Kluiving

Bohncke

et al. 2015

Quaternary International

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“…The Beuningen Gravel Bed at 250 cm (20.6 m OD) separates the OCI from the OCII and is generally dated to the Late Pleniglacial (c. 19-16 ka BP) (Kasse et al, 2007;Vandenberghe et al, 2013). In many coversand exposures in the Netherlands and Belgium the OCII and the YCI units often cannot be distinguished since the Lower Loamy Bed of Bølling age that separates the two is not encountered (Kasse, 2002;Derese et al, 2012). In these locations the OCII and YCI form one coversand unit, implying that coversand deposition (OCII-YCI) continued over the Late Pleniglacial -Late Glacial climatic transition (14.7 ka cal BP), despite rapid climate warming and wetting.…”

Section: Younger Coversand Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Site Geldrop-A2 and the previously excavated site Geldrop-1 are located on a coversand ridge complex near low-lying, wet areas (Figs 2 and 9B). The presence of geomorphic, hydrologic and vegetation gradients and higher well-drained locations in close proximity to lakes provided a favourable niche for human occupation in the Late Glacial (Arts, 1988;Deeben, 1988;De Bie & Vermeersch, 1998;Crombé et al, 2011Crombé et al, , 2013Vermeersch, 2011;Derese et al, 2012;Bos et al, 2013;Van Beek et al, 2015;Van den Biggelaar & Kluiving, 2015).…”

Section: Younger Coversand II and Ahrensburg Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Late Glacial and Holocene aeolian deposition and soil formation in relation to the Late Palaeolithic Ahrensburg occupation, site Geldrop-A2, the Netherlands

Kasse

Tebbens²,

Tump³

et al. 2018

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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The lithostratigraphy, age and human occupation of the Late Glacial and Holocene aeolian succession of a Late Palaeolithic Ahrensburg site in the excavation Geldrop-A2 (municipality of Heeze-Leende) have been investigated. The exposure revealed a stacked sequence of aeolian sand units and intercalated soils (Older Coversand II, Younger Coversand I (YCI), Usselo Soil, Younger Coversand II (YCII), Holocene podzol, drift sand). Fourteen optically stimulated luminescence dates on quartz and three radiocarbon dates provide the age control of the aeolian deposition (coversands, drift sand), landscape stability (soils) and human occupation. The upper part of the YCI unit was dated to the early Late Glacial. The well-developed Usselo Soil was formed during a phase of landscape stability during the late Allerød interstadial and onset of the Younger Dryas stadial. During the Younger Dryas, low aeolian dunes were formed locally (YCII), as a response to landscape instability due to cooling and vegetation decline. In the fine-grained lower part of the YCII unit an initial soil testifies to a decadal to centennial period of landscape stability. An Ahrensburg site in the upper part of this initial soil was dated at 10,915±35 BP (c. 12,854–12,789 cal BP). The lithostratigraphic position, radiocarbon dates of the underlying Usselo Soil and a possibly old-wood effect of up to 200 years suggest that Ahrensburg occupation of the dune environment occurred during the early Younger Dryas, shortly afterc. 10,750 BP (12,750 cal BP). Landscape stability and podzol soil formation dominated the early and middle Holocene periods. Drift-sand deposition, probably related to human land use and vegetation decline, occurred in a 200-year period from the 16th to the 18th centuries.

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“…Luminescence dating enables direct dating of aeolian sediments and phases of landscape instability. OSL dating of quartz has provided reliable ages for Late Weichselian and Holocene aeolian sediments in the northwest European lowlands (Stokes, 1991;Bateman, 1995Bateman, , 1998Janotta et al, 1997;Radtke & Janotta, 1998;Bateman and Van Huissteden 1999;Bateman et al, 2000;Vandenberghe et al, 2004Vandenberghe et al, , 2009Vandenberghe et al, , 2013Kasse et al, 2007Kasse et al, , 2018Wallinga et al, 2007;Buylaert et al, 2009;Derese et al, 2009Derese et al, , 2010aDerese et al, , 2010bDerese et al, , 2012Van Mourik et al, 2010;Bogemans & Vandenberghe, 2011;Sevink et al, 2013Sevink et al, , 2018Beerten et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A complete Late Weichselian and Holocene record of aeolian coversands, drift sands and soils forced by climate change and human impact, Ossendrecht, the Netherlands

Kasse

Aalbersberg²

2019

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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A stacked aeolian sequence with intercalated soils is presented from the southern Netherlands, which fully covers the Late Weichselian and Holocene periods. An integrated sedimentological (sedimentary structures, grain size), palynological (pollen) and dating approach (radiocarbon, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL)) was applied to unravel climatic and human forcing factors. The dating results of soils and sediments are compatible, and no large hiatuses between the radiocarbon-dated top of the soils and OSL-dated overlying sands were observed. It is argued that the peaty top of wet-type podzols can be used for reliable radiocarbon dating. This study reveals more phases than previously known of landscape stability (Usselo Soil and two podzol soils) and instability (Younger Coversand I and II, two drift-sand units) that are related to Late Weichselian climate change and Holocene human occupation. Regional aeolian deposition in source-bordering (river) dunes (Younger Coversand II) took place in the second part of the Younger Dryas, after 12.3 ka cal. BP, implying a delayed response to Younger Dryas cooling, vegetation cover decline and river pattern change of the Scheldt. The onset of podzolisation and development of ericaceous vegetation occurred prior to the introduction of Neolithic farming, which is earlier than previously assumed. Early podzolisation was followed by a short phase of local drift-sand deposition, at c.5500 cal. BP, that possibly relates to agriculture. Strong human impact on the landscape by deforestation and agriculture resulted in a second phase of widespread drift-sand deposition covering the younger podzol soil after AD 1000.

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Final Palaeolithic settlements of the Campine region (NE Belgium) in their environmental context: Optical age constraints

Cited by 26 publications

References 43 publications

Landscape potential for the adoption of crop cultivation: Role of local soil properties and groundwater table rise during 6000–5400 BP in Flevoland (central Netherlands)

Landscape potential for the adoption of crop cultivation: Role of local soil properties and groundwater table rise during 6000–5400 BP in Flevoland (central Netherlands)

Late Glacial and Holocene aeolian deposition and soil formation in relation to the Late Palaeolithic Ahrensburg occupation, site Geldrop-A2, the Netherlands

A complete Late Weichselian and Holocene record of aeolian coversands, drift sands and soils forced by climate change and human impact, Ossendrecht, the Netherlands

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