“…In Arabidopsis and lily (Lilium longiflorum), fimbrins (FIM), domain of Lin11, Isl-1, and Mec-3 proteins, actin-depolymerizing factors, several formins, and villins (VLN) have been shown to be involved in the formation and maintenance of longitudinal actin cables in the shank region of pollen tubes Zheng et al, 2013;Fu, 2015). VLN2, VLN5, AtFIM5, and LlFIM1 bundle apical PM-anchored F-actin and contribute to the formation of actin fringe or collar structures in the subapical region (Su et al, 2012;Qu et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2016a). In the apex, several actin-binding proteins, including VLN and Ropinteractive CRIB Motif-containing Protein1, are implicated in the patterning of apical F-actin dynamics Zhou et al, 2015).…”