Filtration performances of HVAC filters for PM10 and microbial aerosols— Influence of management in a lab-scale air handling unit

González, Luisa F.; Joubert, Aurélie; Andrès, Yves; Liard, Myriam; Renner, Christoph; Coq, Laurence Le

doi:10.1080/02786826.2016.1167833

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The micronized rice particles were intended to be representative of outdoor PM 10 in terms of size distribution but not with regard to chemical or biological composition. The initial concentration of Penicillium chrysogenum was 2250±850 CFU per gram of micronized rice particles . Note that Penicillium chrysogenum was the only fungus found in the rice sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Quantification of the fungal fraction released from various preloaded fibrous filters during a simulated ventilation restart

et al. 2016

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This study aimed to demonstrate that particles, especially those associated with fungi, could be released from fibrous filters used in the air-handling unit (AHU) of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems during ventilation restarts. Quantification of the water retention capacity and SEM pictures of the filters was used to show the potential for fungal proliferation in unused or preloaded filters. Five fibrous filters with various particle collection efficiencies were studied: classes G4, M5, M6, F7, and combined F7 according to European standard EN779:2012. Filters were clogged with micronized rice particles containing the fungus Penicillium chrysogenum and then incubated for three weeks at 25°C and 90% relative humidity. The results indicated that the five clogged tested filters had various fungal growth capacities depending on their water retention capacity. Preloaded filters were subjected to a simulated ventilation restart in a controlled filtration device to quantify that the fraction of particles released was around 1% for the G4, 0.1% for the M5 and the M6, and 0.001% for the F7 and the combined F7 filter. The results indicate that the likelihood of fungal particle release by low efficiency filters is significantly higher than by high efficiency filters.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…With the same air velocity during a filter clogging and release test, the fungal fraction released was between 0.009% and 0.33%. González et al . also studied the microbial release from a two‐stage filtration process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of the fungal fraction released from various preloaded fibrous filters during a simulated ventilation restart

et al. 2016

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“…It is made of fiberglass felt. The median fiber diameter is 1 ± 0.2 lm (González et al 2016). The nominal filtration velocity recommended by the manufacturer is 0.2 m s -1 .…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Filter Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The filter F7 efficiency was between 91 and 99%. With reference to the study of the efficiency curves of the filtration carried out by González et al (2016), the F7 showed efficiency between 80 and 90% for particle diameters equal to 0.4 lm, and it increased with particle diameters \ 0.4 lm. Comparing the present virus size, the experimental setup shows consistent filtration performance.…”

Section: Detection and Quantification Of Adenovirus Upstream Downstrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenovirus behavior in air handling unit fiberglass filters

et al. 2019

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Viral aerosols can lead to respiratory viral infections with high infectivity. About 90% of people's time is spent in closed environments. A few studies have pointed out that the ventilation systems in air handling units (AHUs) that treat and transmit a new synthetic clean and conditioned environment can also spread and transport viral particles in buildings. The aim of this work is to study the characterization of adenovirus, a DNA non-enveloped respiratory virus, on the F7 fiberglass filter used in AHUs. In this study, an experimental setup simulating an AHU was used. The SYBR Ò QPCR, Electrical Low-Pressure Impactor (ELPI TM ) and Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS TM ) were used to detect, measure and characterize the aerosolized adenovirus solution. The characterization results showed that the nebulized adenovirus could be aerosolized in different forms associated or not with cell debris and proteins. The quantification and level of infectivity of adenovirus demonstrated that viruses passed through filters and remained infectious up-and downstream of the system during the 25 min of aerosolization. This study showed that AHUs should be considered an indoor source of viral contamination.

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“…The filtration velocity is 0.2 m s -1 and the median fiber diameter is 1 ± 0.2 lm. In this study, a circular filter of 17.72 cm 2 was used in each output (González et al 2016). The experimental design consists of a vertical column made of polymethyl methacrylate where the viruses will be generated and homogenized in the upward air flow.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Filter Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fate of Mengovirus on Fiberglass Filter of Air Handling Units

et al. 2017

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One of the most important topics that occupy public health problems is the air quality. That is the reason why mechanical ventilation and air handling units (AHU) were imposed by the different governments in the collective or individual buildings. Many buildings create an artificial climate using heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems. Among the existing aerosols in the indoor air, we can distinguish the bioaerosol with biological nature such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Respiratory viral infections are a major public health issue because they are usually highly infective. We spend about 90% of our time in closed environments such as homes, workplaces, or transport. Some studies have shown that AHU contribute to the spread and transport of viral particles within buildings. The aim of this work is to study the characterization of viral bioaerosols in indoor environments and to understand the fate of mengovirus eukaryote RNA virus on glass fiber filter F7 used in AHU. In this study, a set-up close to reality of AHU system was used. The mengovirus aerosolized was characterized and measured with the electrical low pressure impact and the scanner mobility particle size and detected with RT-qPCR. The results about quantification and the level of infectivity of mengovirus on the filter and in the biosampler showed that mengovirus can pass through the filter and remain infectious upstream and downstream the system. Regarding the virus infectivity on the filter under a constant air flow, mengovirus was remained infectious during 10 h after aerosolization.

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Filtration performances of HVAC filters for PM10 and microbial aerosols— Influence of management in a lab-scale air handling unit

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

Quantification of the fungal fraction released from various preloaded fibrous filters during a simulated ventilation restart

Quantification of the fungal fraction released from various preloaded fibrous filters during a simulated ventilation restart

Adenovirus behavior in air handling unit fiberglass filters

The Fate of Mengovirus on Fiberglass Filter of Air Handling Units

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