Filtration of Gas Turbine Intake Air in Offshore Installations: The Gap Between Test Standards and Actual Operating Conditions

An inlet air filtration system is essential for the successful operation of a gas turbine. The filtration system protects the gas turbine from harmful debris in the ambient air, which can lead to issues such as FOD, erosion, fouling, and corrosion. These issues if not addressed will result in a shorter operational life and reduced performance of the gas turbine. Modern day filtration systems are comprised of multiple filtration stages. Each stage is selected based on the local operating environment and the performance goals for the gas turbine. Selection of these systems can be a challenging task. This paper provides a review of the considerations for selecting an inlet filtration system by covering (1) the characteristics of filters and filter systems, (2) a review of the many types of filters, (3) a detailed look at the different environments where the gas turbine can operate, (4) a process for evaluating the site where the gas turbine will be or is installed, and (5) a method to compare various filter system options with life cycle cost analysis.

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“…This system is a high velocity system that is designed for removing salt water. It has limited solid particle removal capability [2,23,25,26].…”

Section: Coastal Marine Ormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison of fractional efficiency for filter elements from different suppliers and different face velocities in new and dirty conditions[25].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology Review of Modern Gas Turbine Inlet Filtration Systems

Wilcox

Kurz²,

Brun

2012

International Journal of Rotating Machinery

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“…The previous cell states c t−1 are updated into c t on the basis of the forget gates and the input gates, as shown in (9), where '•' represents scalar multiplication. Then c t needs to be activated and selected by output gates o t , as shown in (10) and (11), where…”

Section: Prediction Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The filters play an important role in the adsorption of pollutants in ambient air, and two or three stages of filters are usually applied to ensure the cleanliness of inlet air to the compressor [9]. Each filter has a rated dust holding capacity, which means that it needs to be replaced or cleaned by a reverse flow of air for maintenance after working for a period of time [10]. The other countermeasure for compressor fouling is to wash the compressor blades to remove the accumulated attachments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hybrid model of LSTM neural networks with a thermodynamic model for condition-based maintenance of compressor fouling

Jin¹,

Liu²,

Tian³

et al. 2021

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Compressor fouling is one of the critical gas path faults of gas turbines, and the fouling process is significantly influenced by the quality of the inlet air coming from the air intake system with filters. The maintenance strategies for compressor fouling mainly consist of online/offline washing and replacement of filters, where optimizing the washing cycles and the replacement of filters is essential for the economy and safety of gas turbine operation as of the trade-off between the performance improvement and the corresponding costs. By considering the filtration effects of the air intake system, the gas path analysis of the gas turbine is carried out to tackle the coupled fouling process, and a hybrid framework is presented to predict the washing cycle (remaining useful life prediction for washing) and detect filter leakage (diagnosis for filter) via integrating the thermodynamic model and long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks. The proposed scheme is applied in a field dataset and the results show that: (i) a deterioration index based on the thermodynamic model can be used to evaluate the compressor fouling degree, which is independent of ambient conditions and control factors. (ii) A prediction model based on the LSTM-Hankel method demonstrates good performance in long-time washing cycle prediction. (iii) Air filter leakage will significantly increase the degradation rate of compressor efficiency, which can be identified by the diagnosis model to predict the new washing cycle.

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“…Wire mesh filters have many applications in industrial and dynamic systems, such as gas processing facilities (Al-Dughaither et al, 2010), multi-stage flash desalination plants (Janajreh et al, 2013), nuclear electric plants and offshore intake-air filtration systems (Brekke et al, 2009(Brekke et al, , 2010. These filters are generally installed in the form of multi-layers for steam purification and for the removal of liquid droplets or aerosols from airflows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%