Filtration and phototactic behavior as indices of chronic copper stress inDaphnia magna straus

Flickinger, Allen L.; Bruins, Randall; Winner, Robert W.; Skillings, John H.

doi:10.1007/bf01056072

Cited by 67 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The sum of living and dead juveniles was, however, still significantly lower in both groups, and it can assumed therefore that mean brood size was reduced. In contrast to our work, mean brood size of daphnids was a poor index of copper stress [43]. Unfortunately, it was not possible in our study to distinguish dead juveniles from still-born embryos or free swimming young, which died.…”

Section: Reproductioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

“…Untersteiner et al [37] described a significant decrease in the average swimming velocity of copper-exposed daphnids. Negative phototactic behavior as an index of chronic copper stress in daphnids was also found to be elevated [43]. Moreover, in our experiments, daphnids first attempted to compensate for higher energy demands by lowering their swimming depth, to improve their oxygen supply and, thereafter, they showed a clear reduction of motility, leading to a sinking out of organisms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

“…There are some hints for such an hypothesis; e.g. copper stressed daphnids also reduced their filtration rate, body length, and phototaxis [43].…”

Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Daphnids are filter feeder and filtration can only be practiced if a particle-bearing current is drawn or pressed through a filter; this demands a [48]. The rate at which daphnids move water (and food particles) through the carapace is known to vary widely according to environmental conditions [43]. Therefore, decreased filtration and a resultant reduction in assimilation could lead to lower productive output of the exposed organism, measurable as decreased body growth or reproduction.…”

Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of a Xenobiotic Mixture (PCB and TBT) Compared to Single Substances on Swimming Behavior or Reproduction ofDaphnia magna

Schmidt

Steinberg

Staaks

2005

Acta hydrochim. hydrobiol.

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Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Aroclor 1254, a technical PCB mixture (polychlorinated biphenyls) and TBT (tributyltinMüggelseedamm 301, chloride) are environmental pollutants that cause a broad spectrum of acute toxic and 12587 Berlin, Germany chronic effects in aquatic animals. In this paper, the sensitivity of Daphnia magna to chronic exposure to mixed xenobiotics was evaluated under laboratory conditions. The results show that xenobiotic mixtures (50 % each of the single compounds) were more toxic than individual xenobiotics alone. By measuring behavioral parameters of animals, it becomes evident that exposure to single xenobiotics significantly affects daphnids: exposure led finally to a rapid decrease in mean swimming activity and also caused changes in preferred swimming depth, with daphnids preferring the upper layers of aquaria. The mixture altered the swimming behavior even more strongly compared to the group stressed by single chemicals. Finally, all daphnids sank to the bottom of the aquaria, still alive, but inactive at the end of the exposure period. In addition, we investigated the reproductive capacity (number of newborn per female and day). PCB did not affect the number of newborn significantly, TBT-stress led to an evidently decreased number of young daphnids and the xenobiotic mixture decreased reproduction even more.In conclusion, we found significant effects of the single compounds as well as approximately additive (swimming behavior) and synergistic (reproduction) effects of the chemical mixture on daphnids indicating the possibility of dramatic ecological consequences of the occurrence of mixed xenobiotic substances in the aquatic environment. Einfluss einer xenobiotischen Mischung (PCB und TBT) auf Schwimmverhalten oder Reproduktion von Daphnia magna

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Section: Reproductioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

mentioning

confidence: 73%

“…There are some hints for such an hypothesis; e.g. copper stressed daphnids also reduced their filtration rate, body length, and phototaxis [43].…”

Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of a Xenobiotic Mixture (PCB and TBT) Compared to Single Substances on Swimming Behavior or Reproduction ofDaphnia magna

Schmidt

Steinberg

Staaks

2005

Acta hydrochim. hydrobiol.

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“…The inhibition of feeding has been applied by several authors to assess the possible ecotoxicological effects of different contaminants, such as metals (Flickinger et al, 1982;Ferrando and Andreu, 1993) and pesticides (Fernandez-Cassalderrey et al, 1994). Hartgers et al (1999) and Lürling et al (2011) found that the clearance rate of Daphnia magna using artificial beads is a more sensitive endpoint than an acute lethal test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel protocol for assessing aquatic pollution, based on the feeding inhibition of Daphnia magna

Kovács

Abdel-Hameid

Ács

et al. 2012

Knowl. Managt. Aquatic Ecosyst.

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In this study, sensitivity of a novel acute bioassay based on the feeding activity of Daphnia magna was assessed, using 2 and 4 h of exposure. For calibration purposes, results were compared with those of the standard immobility test as described by the ISO 6341:1996 standard. Using potassium dichromate as the reference chemical, after 4 h of exposure the proposed protocol showed similar sensitivity in comparison with the standard, as the EC 50 of the immobility test was 1.093 ± 0.098 mg·L -1 , whereas the EC 50 of the feeding inhibition bioassay was 1.742 ± 0.133 mg·L -1 . In order to test the sensitivity of the bioassay, toxicity of two other contaminants, copper and wastewater, was estimated and the results were compared with those of the standard immobility test. For both cases, the feeding inhibition test showed higher sensitivity, as in the case of copper the EC 50s were 0.0952 ± 0.0087 and 0.0753 ± 0.0152 mg·L -1 , whilst the EC 50 recorded for the 24-h immobility test was 0.2407 ± 0.0159 mg·L -1 . In the case of the effluent, EC 50 values after 2 and 4 h of exposure were 15.698 ± 2.681 and 12.557 ± 2.358 expressed as % of the wastewater, respectively, whereas the EC 50 of the immobility test was calculated to be 36.4688 ± 5.4887. RÉSUMÉNouveau protocole pour l'évaluation de la pollution aquatique, basé sur l'inhibition de l'alimentation de Daphnia magna Dans cette étude, la sensibilité d'un nouveau test biologique aiguë basé sur l'activité d'alimentation de Daphnia magna a été évaluée, utilisant 2 et 4 h d'exposition. À des fins d'étalonnage, les résultats ont été comparés à ceux de l'essai standard d'inhibition de la mobilité tel que décrit par la norme ISO 6341:1996 standard. En utilisant le potassium dichromate comme produit chimique de référence, après 4 h d'exposition, le protocole proposé a montré une sensibilité similaire en comparaison de la norme, alors que la EC 50 du test d'inhibition de la mobilité était 1,093 ± 0,098 mg·L -1 , la EC 50 de l'essai biologique d'inhibition d'alimentation a été 1,742 ± 0,133 mg·L -1 . Afin de tester la sensibilité du test biologique, la toxicité de deux autres contaminants, du cuivre et des eaux usées, a été estimée et les résultats ont été comparés à ceux du test de l'inhibition de mobilité standard. Pour les deux cas, le test d'inhibition d'alimentation a montré une sensibilité plus élevée. Dans le cas du cuivre, les EC 50 ont été 0,0952 ± 0,0087 et 0,0753 ± 0,0152 mg·L -1 , alors que la

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Fluctuating temperatures alter environmental pathogen transmission in a Daphnia–pathogen system

Dallas

Drake

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Environmental conditions are rarely constant, but instead vary spatially and temporally. This variation influences ecological interactions and epidemiological dynamics, yet most experimental studies examine interactions under constant conditions. We examined the effects of variability in temperature on the host–pathogen relationship between an aquatic zooplankton host (Daphnia laevis) and an environmentally transmitted fungal pathogen (Metschnikowia bicuspidata). We manipulated temperature variability by exposing all populations to mean temperatures of 20°C for the length of the experiments, but introducing periods of 1, 2, and 4 hr each day where the populations were exposed to 28°C followed by periods of the same length (1, 2, and 4 hr, respectively) where the populations were exposed to 12°C. Three experiments were performed to assess the role of thermal variability on Daphnia–pathogen interactions, specifically with respect to: (1) host infection prevalence and intensity; (2) free‐living pathogen survival; and (3) host foraging ecology. We found that temperature variability affected host filtering rate, which is closely related to pathogen transmission in this system. Further, infection prevalence was reduced as a function of temperature variability, while infection intensity was not influenced, suggesting that pathogen transmission was influenced by temperature variability, but the growth of pathogen within infected hosts was not. Host survival was reduced by temperature variability, but environmental pathogen survival was unaffected, suggesting that zooplankton hosts were more sensitive than the fungal pathogen to variable temperatures. Together, these experiments suggest that temperature variability may influence host demography and host–pathogen interactions, providing a link between host foraging ecology and pathogen transmission.

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Filtration and phototactic behavior as indices of chronic copper stress inDaphnia magna straus

Cited by 67 publications

References 12 publications

Influence of a Xenobiotic Mixture (PCB and TBT) Compared to Single Substances on Swimming Behavior or Reproduction ofDaphnia magna

Influence of a Xenobiotic Mixture (PCB and TBT) Compared to Single Substances on Swimming Behavior or Reproduction ofDaphnia magna

A novel protocol for assessing aquatic pollution, based on the feeding inhibition of Daphnia magna

Fluctuating temperatures alter environmental pathogen transmission in a Daphnia–pathogen system

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