Filming mechanism of lithium-carbon anodes in organic and inorganic electrolytes

Besenhard, Jürgen; Winter, Martin; Yang, Jung Eun; Biberacher, W.

doi:10.1016/0378-7753(94)02073-c

Cited by 597 publications

(434 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In case of organic carbonate solvents, since gaseous product is usually generated (Scheme 1), the co-intercalation almost always leads to the exfoliation of the graphene layers [15].…”

Section: Chemistry and Formation Mechanism Of Seimentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolytes and Interphasial Chemistry in Li Ion Devices

2010

Energies

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Since its appearance in 1991, the Li ion battery has been the major power source driving the rapid digitalization of our daily life; however, much of the processes and mechanisms underpinning this newest battery chemistry remains poorly understood. As in any electrochemical device, the major challenge comes from the electrolyte/electrode interfaces, where the discontinuity in charge distribution and extreme disequality in electric forces induce diversified processes that eventually determine the kinetics of Li + intercalation chemistry. This article will summarize the most recent efforts on the fundamental understanding of the interphases in Li ion devices. Emphasis will be placed on the formation chemistry of the so-called "SEI" on graphitic anode, the effect of solvation sheath structure of Li + on the intercalation energy barrier, and the feasibility of tailoring a desired interphase. Biologically inspired approaches to an ideal interphase will also be briefly discussed.

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“…In case of organic carbonate solvents, since gaseous product is usually generated (Scheme 1), the co-intercalation almost always leads to the exfoliation of the graphene layers [15].…”

Section: Chemistry and Formation Mechanism Of Seimentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolytes and Interphasial Chemistry in Li Ion Devices

2010

Energies

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“…This film is commonly termed the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) [2]. Prior to this film formation, solvent species could co-intercalate into the graphite structure, causing exfoliation [3], but for electrolytes containing EC (and not PC), severe exfoliation is prevented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edge/basal/defect ratios in graphite and their influence on the thermal stability of lithium ion batteries

Foss

Svensson

Sunde

et al. 2016

Journal of Power Sources

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Raw graphite can be processed industrially in large quanta but for the graphite to be useful in lithium ion batteries (LIB's) certain parameters needs to be optimized. Some key parameters are graphite morphology, active surface area, and particle size. These parameters can to some extent be manipulated by surface coatings, milling processes and heat treatment in various atmospheres. Industrial graphite materials have been investigated for use as anode material in LIB's and compared with commercial graphite. These materials have been exposed to two different milling processes, and some of these materials were further heat treated in nitrogen atmosphere above 2650 o C. BET combined with density functional theory (DFT) has been employed to study the ratio of basal to non-basal plane and to determine the relative amount of defects. Thermal properties have been investigated with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). High ethylene carbonate (EC) content improved the thermal stability for graphite with high amount of edge/defect surface area, but showed no improvement of graphite with lower amount of edge/defects. High irreversible capacity loss (ICL) combined with low surface area improved the thermal properties. DFT combined with ICL could potentially be used as a tool to predict thermal stability.

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“…220 mAh/g) and also exhibit an expected initial irreversible capacity (long plateau at 0.9 V), which is closely related to the electrolyte decomposition and the formation of a solid-electrolyte interface (SEI). 24 Based on a recent study on the extent of the irreversible capacity dependence on the active surface area of carbon materials, 25 thermally treated tubes have to show a short plateau at 0.9 V due to their decreased defect density obtained after thermal annealing. Unexpectedly, and to our surprise both samples show very similar voltage characteristics including the irreversible capacities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%