Film-induced negative affect triggers overeating in restrained eaters.

Schotte, David E.; Cools, Joseph; McNally, Richard J.

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.99.3.317

Cited by 136 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

100

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Task-induced depression 15,16 and fear [17][18][19] both increased food intake in restrained eaters while decreasing or not changing the eating of unrestrained participants. This methodology, in which highly palatable snack foods are presented during or immediately after mood induction, has great potential for exploring the antecedents of binge eating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative mood-induced overeating in obese binge eaters: an experimental study

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVES:To test the hypotheses that induction of negative mood in obese binge eaters would increase food intake, and that this would be greatest in those who were highly restrained. DESIGN: Experimental manipulation of mood (neutral vs sad film) prior to the presentation of food in a taste test. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 40 obese female binge eaters (41.7 y, mean BMI ¼ 40.2 kg/m 2 ). MEASURES: Visual analogue assessment of mood and hunger motivation, dietary restraint (Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire), and food intake. RESULTS: Exposure to the sad film resulted in a significant decrease in mood for both restrained and unrestrained participants. Those in the negative mood condition ate significantly more food, and the restrained eaters consumed the most. However, the expected restraint by mood interaction just failed to reach significance (P ¼ 0.06) CONCLUSIONS: The salience of negative mood in promoting overeating was confirmed. Conversely, dietary restraint had no significant impact on food intake. Further experimental work on binge eating in this group would be of value in clarifying the role of dieting and informing treatment approaches.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative mood-induced overeating in obese binge eaters: an experimental study

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although it is widely assumed that restrained eaters restrict their food intake, results from some experimental studies showed that they ate more after a certain disinhibitor (i.e., the forced consumption of a forbidden food, such as a milkshake [preload] or emotional manipulation), whereas unrestrained eaters showed the opposite pattern and ate less (e.g., Herman & Mack, 1975;Hibscher & Herman, 1977;Polivy, Heatherton, & Herman, 1988;Polivy & Herman, 1999;Schotte, Cools, & McNally, 1990). Thus, restraint may lead to disinhibition because certain conditions can disrupt the restriction in dieters and cause them to relinquish their diet (Herman & Polivy, 1980).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to slim images in mass media: Television commercials as reminders of restriction in restrained eaters.

Anschütz¹,

Strien²,

Engels³

2008

Health Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective:The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of exposure to slim images and diet-related products in commercials on actual food intake in relation to dietary restraint. Design: An experimental design was used, in which food intake was measured in 124 female students who watched either a sad or a neutral movie on television, which was interrupted by either commercials featuring slim models and diet products, or neutral commercials. Subsequently, participants filled out questionnaires on dietary restraint and any tendency toward overeating. Main outcome variable: Intake of snack food while watching television. Results: It was found that highly restrained students exposed to commercials with slim models and diet-related products ate less food, whereas less restrained eaters ate slightly more after seeing these commercials. Conclusion: The findings suggest that restrained eaters confronted with diet products and slim images when watching television will be reminded of their restricted eating behavior and eat less. The present study provides support for the reinhibition theory of slim media images.

show abstract

“…Herman and Polivy (1980) have proposed that obese people are more likely to eat in response to external and emotional cues because of their tendency towards dietary restraint, rather than as a result of their obesity per se. This proposal has been supported by laboratory and naturalistic studies demonstrating that negative emotional states such as anxiety (Herman & Polivy, 1975;Polivy, Herman, & McFarlane, 1994) and depressed mood (Baucom & Aiken, 1981;Cooper & Bowskill, 1986;Frost, Goolkasian, & Ely, 1982;Ruderman, 1985;Schotte et al, 1990) induce overeating in restrained eaters but not in unrestrained eaters.…”

Section: Summary Of Antecedents and Immediate Cues Of Nhe And Overeatingmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…According to restraint theory, dieting may be a causal factor in their non-hungry eating, because restricting food often results in a greater susceptibility to eating in response to emotional and external triggers (Herman & Polivy, 1980;Schotte et al, 1990). When people begin to restrain their eating, thoughts of food often become more salient, and therefore they become more sensitive to cues and associations.…”

Section: Participants In the Overweight Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to anxiety, depression and anger are the most frequently identified emotional triggers to eating among obese people (Ganley, 1989). Furthermore, people with obesity commonly identify boredom, frustration, anger, unhappiness, loneliness, and fear as emotions that initiate NHE and overeating (Castelnuovo-Tedesco & Schiebel, 1975;Hudson & Williams, 1981;Schotte, Cools, & McNally, 1990;Weintraub & Aronson, 1969).…”

Section: Internal Cuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Understanding obesity: Psychological cues and antecedents of eating behaviour

Cranston¹

2007

PsycEXTRA Dataset

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity has been described by the World Health Organisation as a global epidemic, and is perceived as a major health concern due to the associated medical, psychosocial, and economic problems. One approach of understanding obesity is directed towards exploring the psychological and social determinants underlying nonhungry eating (NHE) (eating without physical sensations associated with hunger) and overeating (eating past the physiological sensations of fullness). The immediate psychosocial cues that trigger NHE and overeating, along with the psychosocial antecedents that influence NHE and overeating have been found to be important contributors to obesity.This research incorporated two studies. Study 1 involved self-report questionnaires comparing the antecedents and cues that influence NHE and overeating among men and women who were obese, overweight, and of a healthy weight (HWR). Study 2 adopted a case study approach to explore individual antecedents and triggers of NHE and overeating among three obese participants.Findings indicated that HWR, overweight, and obese people differed in the antecedents and cues that influenced their eating behaviours, which were particularly borne out in quantitative data. In addition, females and males differed in their reported antecedents and cues. For example, across all three weight groups, more females than males were restricting their food intake in attempt to lose weight, which can result in future NHE and overeating. In addition, overweight females reported the highest levels of non-hungry eating, emotional eating and external eating, compared to all other groups. Males of a healthy weight reported the lowest amounts of both NHE and restrained eating of the six groups (crossing 2 x gender and 3 x weight groups).Interestingly, eating in response to external cues was least common in overweight ii males. Compared to the other weight groups, more overweight participants reported they ate quickly and at predetermined times, and that food had been used as a reward or to soothe pain throughout childhood. Overweight participants ate more frequently in response to positive emotions and experienced more negative emotions after overeating than healthy weight or obese participants.Although distinct patterns of eating behaviour were observed for males and females within the separate weight categories, variability was also evident within the groups, suggesting that despite having similar body mass indexes, antecedents and cues that maintain individuals' weights vary.Results of the qualitative study also highlight the diverse cues and antecedents that can contribute to an individual becoming and maintaining an obese weight. What is clear from both studies is that no one eating pattern typifies a particular weight group, in the case of healthy, overweight, or obese individuals. In addition, people who are overweight need to become a priority for obesity research, in order to increase the understanding of the psychology of why and how people transgress from an overweight to an ob...

show abstract

Film-induced negative affect triggers overeating in restrained eaters.

Cited by 136 publications

References 12 publications

Negative mood-induced overeating in obese binge eaters: an experimental study

Negative mood-induced overeating in obese binge eaters: an experimental study

Exposure to slim images in mass media: Television commercials as reminders of restriction in restrained eaters.

Understanding obesity: Psychological cues and antecedents of eating behaviour

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About