Film formation and mechanical properties of an opaque titanium dioxide and transparent polyvinyl alcohol composite films

Abstract

Mechanical, optical, and film formation properties of titanium dioxide/polyvinyl alcohol (TiO2/PVA) composites were studied. Two identical experimental sets of % TiO2 content were prepared that one set is in the range of 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 13, and 20 wt% for the film formation and the second set is 5 and 50 wt% for the mechanical measurements. Photon transmission technique (PT) at room temperature was used for the film formation process after annealing for 10 min at the temperatures changing from 100 to 270°C. The increase and decrease in the transmission light intensity (Itr) from the composite films were attributed to void closure and interdiffusion models, respectively. The results were consistent with the data obtained from the film formation processes and mechanical measurements that the addition of TiO2 in PVA had remarkable improvement on mechanical properties, for example, increment in the Young's modulus and the rigidity as TiO2 content increased from 5 to 50 wt%, and it had also good film forming especially above 10 wt% TiO2 for the void closure processes leading to lower the activation energy. It was observed that for the lower content of TiO2 such as 5 wt%, the tensile strength and Young's modulus increased remarkably for heating temperature increased up to 150°C. However, with the increase of TiO2 content, the maximum values of the mechanical strength and modulus were shifted to 180°C for 50 wt% TiO2 from 150°C for 5 wt% TiO2 because of the thermal stability of TiO2.

Influence of bio‐resource‐derived graphene oxide on the mechanical and thermal properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposites

“…To find out how much the addition of AGO affected the thermal transitions of PVA and to determine the values of T m and T c for the nanocomposites, DSC analysis was performed for all the PVA nanocomposite films. The incorporation of AGO in the PVA matrix results in good dispersion, which makes the AGO nanoparticles operate as nucleating agents, assisting with the crystalline nature of the material and resulting in a higher crystallization peak temperature 48,49 . Table 2 shows the T m and T c of pure PVA and the AGO/PVA nanocomposites as determined by DSC analysis.…”

“…Also, the cross-sectional images from the FE-SEM show the uniform dispersion of AGO inside the PVA polymer matrix, which increases the mechanical performance of the PVA nanocomposites (Figure 9). 22,47,48 4.4 | Thermal properties of AGO/PVA nanocomposites…”

“…The incorporation of AGO in the PVA matrix results in good dispersion, which makes the AGO nanoparticles operate as nucleating agents, assisting with the crystalline nature of the material and resulting in a higher crystallization peak temperature. 48,49 Table 2 shows the T m and T c of pure PVA and the AGO/PVA nanocomposites as determined by DSC analysis. The observed values for both T m and T c increase with increasing AGO content in the PVA matrix.…”

UV-Visible spectroscopic study on multi-staged film formation mechanisms of graphene oxide-doped polystyrene latex (PS latex/GO) nanocomposites

“…interdiffusion of polymers, is independent of the amount of GO nanofillers within film composition. Polymer chain transfer process usually comes off at elevated annealing temperatures [30] and strongly dependent on the interactions between polymer and nanofiller content. At such a high temperature range, upon an increment in GO concentration within a polymeric medium, the added GO is more likely to hinder the latex particles to move freely as these colloidal particles are either bound to the surfaces of GO nanolayers or coated by GO.…”

The Influence of Anion-Stripped MIL-101(Cr) Dispersed in Thin-Film Polyvinyl Alcohol Membrane Matrix on the Methylene Blue Dye Separation

“…Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer is an attractive material in different applications due to its high hydrophilicity, non-toxicity and high mechanical strength. PVA is also known as a binder for the formation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into pellets [17][18][19][20]. PVA is a suitable polymer for separating hydrophilic materials from the feed stream because of its excellent film-forming ability and mechanical strength.…”