Filling in the <scp>GAPS</scp>: evaluating completeness and coverage of open‐access biodiversity databases in the United States

Troia, Matthew J.; McManamay, Ryan A.

doi:10.1002/ece3.2225

Cited by 83 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(189 reference statements)

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“…upstream migration, downstream drift, growth and survival of ichthyoplankton, juveniles and adults) should be monitored across political boundaries, as suggested for other taxa (Pracheil, Pegg, Powell & Mestl, ). However, our ability to detect trends is hindered by differences in survey methods, different geographical and taxonomic biases, and recording errors in the data (Troia & McManamay, , personal observation). In addition, many such data sets are stored in disparate locations requiring time‐consuming organization and validation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emblematic minnows of the North American Great Plains: A synthesis of threats and conservation opportunities

et al. 2017

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Anthropogenic changes to the Great Plains rivers of North America have had a large, negative effect on a reproductive guild of pelagic‐broadcast spawning (PBS) cyprinid fishes. The group is phylogenetically diverse, with multiple origins of the PBS mode. However, because of incomplete life‐history information, PBS designation often relies only on habitat and egg characteristics. We identified 17 known or candidate PBS fishes and systematically synthesized the literature on their biology and ecology in relation to major threats to persistence. Research output on an individual species was unrelated to conservation status, but positively correlated with breadth of distribution. The PBS species have opportunistic life‐history strategies and are typically short‐lived (generally 1–3 years) fishes. Many PBS species have truncated ranges showing declines in both distribution and abundance, especially those endemic to the Rio Grande catchment. Fundamental habitat associations are unknown for many species, particularly regarding seasonal shifts and early life stages. Critical thermal tolerances have been quantified for five PBS species and are generally >35°C. Turbidity and salinity changes are linked to responses at multiple life stages, but information is lacking on interactions between water quality and quantity. Hydrologic alteration appears to be a primary threat to PBS species, through complex interactions with landscape fragmentation, and habitat change. We highlight areas where scientific and management communities are lacking information and underline areas of potential conservation gain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emblematic minnows of the North American Great Plains: A synthesis of threats and conservation opportunities

et al. 2017

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“…We used this taxon because crayfish are widely distributed, economically important, and many species are currently vulnerable to extinction, making them the seventh most threatened group in the IUCN Red List (IUCN, ; Richman et al, ). Many species in this group also do not have sufficient distribution data to model future range changes (Troja & McManamay, ), therefore making them a suitable example taxon for TVA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…List (IUCN, 2018;Richman et al, 2015). Many species in this group also do not have sufficient distribution data to model future range changes (Troja & McManamay, 2016), therefore making them a suitable example taxon for TVA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the impacts of uncertainty in climate‐change vulnerability assessments

Hossain

Kujala

Bland

et al. 2019

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim The trait‐based vulnerability assessment (TVA) uses Boolean rules to assess species sensitivity, adaptive capacity and exposure to climate change to identify those that are climate‐change vulnerable. The protocol is being increasingly used to assess climate‐change impacts to a diversity of taxa, as it requires fewer data compared to niche and mechanistic models. However, uncertainty in TVA results remains unevaluated. We present the first quantitative investigation of the impacts of uncertainty on TVA, using global freshwater crayfish (574 species) as a representative data‐poor taxon. Location Global. Methods To assess uncertainty in trait selection, we measured the completeness of information for each trait and how these contributed to the number of vulnerable species. To explore the sensitivity of TVA outcomes to arbitrary threshold selection, we randomly scored 25% species as high for quantitative traits and compared the results to the standard TVA. To investigate uncertainty in climate model selections, we tested the TVA using 66 alternative global climate scenarios. Results Given the structural rules used in TVA, as more traits are included in the protocol, more species are identified as vulnerable to climate change. Some traits also have more dominant contributions. Species vulnerability was relatively robust to arbitrary thresholds in quantitative trait variables. The number (79–156) and identity of vulnerable species varied depending on which climate scenario was selected. Ensemble means of climate models identified fewer vulnerable species, potentially softening the extremes of individual climate models. Main conclusions Assessors applying TVA across taxa and geographical scales should use ecological thresholds for quantitative traits, where possible; most importantly perform sensitivity analyses, including (a) critically assessing assumptions and correlations underpinning the selection of traits in different dimensions; and (b) capturing variability among climate‐change models. Further research is required to fill data gaps that improve the robustness of TVA.

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“…Instead, sites within catchments are generally lumped together to assess ‘system‐wide’ or ‘reach‐scale’ change, generally because of sample size limitations associated with analysis (Perkin & Bonner, ; Taylor, Millican, Roberts, & Slack, ). The increasing prevalence of spatial datasets (Troia & McManamay, ) means that future opportunities for spatially explicit comparisons will exist. Given the rise of spatially structured data (Troia & McManamay, ) and continued integration of landscape ecology into stream fish conservation and community ecology (Fausch et al, ), the development of analytical frameworks for assessing spatially structured historical change holds potential for advancing stream fish conservation (Fausch, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, sites within catchments are generally lumped together to assess 'system-wide' or 'reach-scale' change, generally because of sample size limitations associated with analysis (Perkin & Bonner, 2016;Taylor, Millican, Roberts, & Slack, 2008). The increasing prevalence of spatial datasets (Troia & McManamay, 2016) means that future opportunities for spatially explicit comparisons will exist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

If you build it, they will go: A case study of stream fish diversity loss in an urbanizing riverscape

Perkin

Murphy

Murray

et al. 2019

Aquatic Conservation

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Stream fish diversity is threatened by anthropogenic environmental alterations to landscapes, and successful conservation requires knowledge of the processes that degrade diversity. A primary step in identifying diversity losses is the comparison between historical and contemporary states of landscapes and fish assemblages, but uncertainty remains regarding the appropriate spatial scales of investigation. Historical data collected in 1976 were paired with two years of contemporary replication (2015, 2016) to assess fish diversity change at 10 sites in Blackburn Fork, TN, USA. Analyses focused on a nested hierarchy of spatial scales, including sampling sites (fine scale), nested within stream orders (intermediate scale), nested within the entire catchment (broad scale). Diversity change between 1976 and 2015–16 was assessed using traditional diversity metrics (site scale) and rarefaction (stream‐order scale), whereas spatial variation in contemporary diversity (2015–16) was assessed with nonmetric multidimensional scaling (catchment scale). At the site scale, locations on the east side of Blackburn Fork and in close proximity to developed land experienced diversity loss. At the stream‐order scale, the effective number of species declined in first‐order streams where land development was concentrated, but no consistent species losses occurred in other stream orders. At the catchment scale, assemblages responded significantly to stream size but not land use, perhaps because diversity was already homogenized by 2015–16. Mapping 40 years of land‐use change across the catchment underscored a pattern of spatial alignment between developed lands and stream fish diversity loss. This study highlights the benefits of considering multiple spatial scales when assessing historical change in stream fish assemblages, and highlights stronger inference derived from historical comparisons relative to contemporary space‐for‐time substitutions. This framework combines recent analytical advances in rarefaction with a riverscape perspective, and can be applied to conserve streams, and their biota, in riverscapes around the world.

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Filling in the GAPS: evaluating completeness and coverage of open‐access biodiversity databases in the United States

Cited by 83 publications

References 69 publications

The emblematic minnows of the North American Great Plains: A synthesis of threats and conservation opportunities

The emblematic minnows of the North American Great Plains: A synthesis of threats and conservation opportunities

Assessing the impacts of uncertainty in climate‐change vulnerability assessments

If you build it, they will go: A case study of stream fish diversity loss in an urbanizing riverscape

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