File transfer in Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks using fountain coding

Abstract

Abstract-Data communication in Vehicular Delay TolerantNetworks (VDTN) poses serious challenges on file transferring due to intermittent connectivity and packet loss. To improve file transfer in VDTN, we propose a mechanism that includes fountain coding in the application layer, UDP in the transport layer, and AODV-DTN in the network layer in our new architecture. Of the characteristics of fountain codes is that the source data can be rebuilt thoroughly from any subset of the encoded packets at destination. Furthermore, no feedback is required to guarantee reliable delivery. Therefore, we use UDP in contrast to classical use of TCP, while reliability is still preserved. A new routing algorithm, named AODV-DTN, is presented and developed in the network layer based on AODV and Store-Carry and Forward policy. The cross-layer mechanism is used as an alternative to preliminary layer design so as to develop communication between the network layer and application layer. We have conducted extensive simulations to evaluate the performance of our architecture. The results show that our architecture outperforms in terms of file delivery ratio and byte throughput when compared with FOUNTAIN and classic FTP scenarios. In addition, the negative effect of increasing file size is mitigated in the proposed architecture in comparison to other alternatives. It is shown that for delay tolerant and long-distanced inter-RSU communications the proposed architecture behaves sufficiently well.

Application of Fountain Code to High-Rate Delay Tolerant Networks

“…Fountain code is a promising way to distribute data and improve reliability for DTN's since it does not require a feedback packet for acknowledgement. The original file can be reassembled from any subset of encoded data from a set equal or slightly larger than the original data [10]. Many DTN protocols such as LTP [6] have been developed to attempt to reduce the number of acknowledgement packets required to reliably transmit data since long round trip times greatly impact performance.…”

“…Fountain codes are applied to file transfer for vehicular delay tolerant networks in [10]. The authors propose the use of fountain coding in the application layer along with UDP as the transport layer, and develop a DTN routing algorithm based on Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) [13].…”

“…Studied a class of replication mechanisms to decrease delivery delay and quantified tradeoffs between resources and performance measures (energy and delay). Used as the basis for the routing method in [10].…”

Design and Performance Evaluation of IP Based Intelligent Transportation System with Packet Sender’s Location Tracking Scheme

“…The end-to-end delay is more in silent relay node because of common transmission region [8]. The traffic load and collision increases delay in the vehicular system [9]. Delay increases because of the increase in routing overhead.…”