Filamentous Basidiomycetes in the Clinical Laboratory

Brandt, Mary E.

doi:10.1007/s12281-013-0148-8

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…No published breakpoints and no standardised methods are available for the antifungal susceptibility testing of FB, however, basidiomycetes are usually intrinsically resistant to echinocandins. In general, low MICs are reported for amphotericin B, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, and high MICs for fluconazole, and flucytosine . MICs determined for both T. polyzona isolates were consistent with these observations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…The role of basidiomycete in diseases is certainly focused on cryptococcal infections, but FB, mainly Schizophyllum species, Hormographiella aspergillata, Ceriporia lacerata have been recently recognised as agents of human diseases . According to Chowdhary review, FB infections are principally reported in Japan (43%), and India (26%), and have been described in a large spectrum of diseases ranging from hypersensitivity to invasive fungal infections . T. polyzona (syn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the morphological identification could be difficult, as culture isolates are usually non‐sporulating white moulds. The diagnosis of such infections relies on molecular sequencing of ITS and D1/D2 regions of ribosomal fungal DNA …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trametes polyzona, an emerging filamentous basidiomycete in Réunion Island

Gauthier¹,

Jaubert²,

Traversier³

et al. 2017

Mycoses

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Summary We describe two serious Trametes polyzona pulmonary infections, which occurred in Réunion Island, in critically ill patients. The identification was performed using sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA and D1/D2 region of 28S rDNA. In one case, the significance of T. polyzona in the pathological process was certain, proven by histopathological evidence of fungal lung infection. T. polyzona, an emerging filamentous basidiomycete, prevalent in tropical areas, has not been described so far in human infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trametes polyzona, an emerging filamentous basidiomycete in Réunion Island

Gauthier¹,

Jaubert²,

Traversier³

et al. 2017

Mycoses

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“…Considering that echinocandins have been reported to be ineffective against clinically relevant basidiomycetes (67, 68), our discrepant results might be due to variations in the methods used (variations in incubation times, methods of preparation of the inoculum with hyphal fragments, etc.). Since there is no standardized method for antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous basidiomycetes and nonsporulating fungi (68), studies often modify the CLSI protocol (31,34) in an attempt to obtain reproducible results, as in our case. Therefore, before standardization of these protocols, interlaboratory results cannot be properly compared.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophyllum radiatum, an Emerging Fungus from Human Respiratory Tract

et al. 2016

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Schizophyllum is an important genus of basidiomycetes that, apart from being of genetic and biotechnological interest, is also reported to be a plant and animal pathogen. Schizophyllum commune is the best-known species and the only one reported from clinical specimens thus far, being recovered mainly from the respiratory tract. The aim of this study was to determine the species diversity of 23 clinical isolates of Schizophyllum from the United States using multilocus phylogenetic analysis and their in vitro susceptibilities to six drugs. The markers used for sequencing were the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), a portion of the nuclear large subunit (LSU) of ribosomal DNA, the RNA polymerase II second-largest subunit (RPB2), and the translation elongation factor 1␣ (EF-1␣) gene. The analyses revealed that 22 of the clinical isolates were in the Schizophyllum radiatum clade with high support values and 1 isolate was in the S. commune clade. This is the first report of this species in clinical samples. The two species mentioned above showed very similar morphological features in culture (i.e., white, cottony, unsporulated colonies composed of hyphae with clamp connections), making morphological discrimination between the two impossible. An epitype is designed for S. radiatum, and its sequences have been deposited in GenBank. The antifungal that showed the greatest in vitro activity against the strains tested was shown to be amphotericin B. In general, the strains of S. radiatum showed higher MICs than S. commune. S chizophyllum (Schizophyllaceae, Agaricales) comprises one of the most commonly found mushrooms on the planet (1). The most common species of the genus is Schizophyllum commune, a ubiquitous fungus well-known as a wood decay organism able to cause white rot (1, 2) but also by its biotechnological applications (3). It has been used as an ethanol producer (4), and some of its metabolites have anticancer (5) and antimicrobial (6, 7) properties. It also has been studied for many years as a model for understanding mating interactions (8, 9). In recent years, S. commune has become clinically relevant as an etiological agent of respiratory infections in humans (10-15). However, it has been reported to be an etiological agent of other types of infections and conditions, such as a brain abscess (16, 17), meningitis (18), an eye infection (19), palate ulceration (20), and onychomycosis (21). Infections have also been reported in other mammals (22-24) and in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals (25,26).The most effective treatment options for infections by S. commune are yet to be determined, although various treatment modalities have been used (14,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). Most susceptibility patterns for these fungi are restricted to individual cases; however, studies by Gonzalez et al. (30) and Chowdhary et al. (31) with 5 and 26 strains, respectively, indicated that amphotericin B (AMB), itraconazole (ITC), and voriconazole (VRC) had good in vitro activity against the isolates tested, while elev...

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“…The importance of filamentous basidiomycetes as agents of invasive and allergic disease has increased in the past few years (2)(3)(4)(5). It is emphasized that due to the small number of samples tested in our study, it was difficult to demonstrate the efficacy of oral itraconazole in cases of ABPM due to S. commune.…”

mentioning

confidence: 80%