Filament Temperature Dynamics in Fused Deposition Modelling and Outlook for Control

Pollard, Dave; Ward, Carwyn; Herrmann, Guido; Etches, Julie A

doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2017.07.147

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…An increase in the nozzle temperature simply increases the heat transfer from the layer being deposited to the existing layer on the specimen surface. As a result, the partial melting and softening of the existing layers take place in a wider and deeper region, which promotes the fusion between the individual print lines and layers …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the ductility of polylactic acid parts produced by fused deposition modeling through polyhydroxyalkanoate additions

Kaygusuz

Özerinç

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most commonly used materials for fused deposition modeling (FDM) due to its low cost, biocompatibility, and desirable printing characteristics. However, its low ductility is a major disadvantage for engineering applications where high damage tolerance is needed. This study investigates the feasibility of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) additions to PLA for improving the ductility of parts produced by FDM. Thermal and mechanical behavior of PLA/PHA specimens containing 12 wt % PHA is investigated for a range of printing nozzle temperatures. All PLA/PHA specimens exhibit amorphous PLA phase with semicrystalline PHA and possess outstanding ductility exceeding 160% for nozzle temperatures in the range of 200 C-240 C. Lower and higher nozzle temperatures result in low ductility, similar to that of pure PLA. Overall, PLA/PHA is a very promising polymer blend for FDM processes, providing a combination of sufficient strength with excellent damage tolerance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the ductility of polylactic acid parts produced by fused deposition modeling through polyhydroxyalkanoate additions

Kaygusuz

Özerinç

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…During the FFF process, the material heats up, flows out of the nozzle and solidifies again after being extruded. Multiple studies have investigated heat transfer and extrusion problems in 3D printing [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Characterisation of Aligned Discontinuous Carbon Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics as Feedstock Material for Fused Filament Fabrication

2020

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In this work, aligned discontinuous fibre composite (ADFRC) tapes were developed and investigated as precursors for a novel 3D printing filament. ADFRCs have the potential to achieve mechanical performance comparable to continuous fibre reinforced composites, given sufficient fibre length and high level of alignment, and avoid many of the manufacturing difficulties associated with continuous fibres, e.g., wrinkling, bridging and corner radii constraints. Their potential use for fused filament fabrication (FFF) techniques was investigated here. An extensive down-selection process of thermoplastic matrices was performed, as matrix properties significantly impact both the processing and performance of the filament. This resulted in four candidate polymers (ABS, PLA, Nylon, PETG) which were used to manufacture ADFRC tapes with a Vf of 12.5% using the high performance discontinuous fibre (HiPerDiF) technology and an in-house developed continuous consolidation module. Tensile stiffness and strength up to 30 GPa and 400 MPa respectively were recorded, showing that a discontinuous fibre filament has the potential to compete with continuous fibre filaments.

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“…To adjust the feed rate for the current path, a signal was passed to the extruder controller through a Group Output; a collection of eight digital signals to representing an 8-bit unsigned integer in the range [0,255]. The Arduino controlling the extruder was connected to the operator's PC to allow monitoring of extrusion temperature, and adjustment of extrusion settings; this allows the testing of difference control systems, such as those examined by these authors in [18].…”

Section: Ic4m 2018mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of FDM Structural Layouts and Implementation of an Open-Source Arm-Based System

Pollard

Herrmann²,

Ward

et al. 2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is a manufacturing process to build components in a layer-by-layer approach through extrusion of polymers from a movable nozzle, allowing for significantly higher degrees of complexity over machined parts. Current FDM systems typically use actuation provided through a gantry or delta structural layout, operating through depositing successive planar layers in a 2.5D process; it has been shown in numerous studies the bonding between layers has significantly lower strength than the homogeneous material or in-plane properties -an issue which can be mitigated through the deposition of curved layers. This paper compares four differing structural layouts of FDM systems (gantry, delta, Stewart Platform, and arm-based) to identify the key advantages of an arm-based method as the increased workspace and manipulability enabling "Additive Finalisation" of components, and suitability for curved layer FDM. Details are then presented of the open-source implementation and evaluation of a 6 degree-of-freedom arm-based FDM printer at the University of Bristol.

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Filament Temperature Dynamics in Fused Deposition Modelling and Outlook for Control

Cited by 38 publications

References 11 publications

Improving the ductility of polylactic acid parts produced by fused deposition modeling through polyhydroxyalkanoate additions

Improving the ductility of polylactic acid parts produced by fused deposition modeling through polyhydroxyalkanoate additions

Fabrication and Characterisation of Aligned Discontinuous Carbon Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics as Feedstock Material for Fused Filament Fabrication

A Comparison of FDM Structural Layouts and Implementation of an Open-Source Arm-Based System

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