Fighting behaviour of male western flower thrips,<i>Frankliniella occidentalis</i>(Pergande)

Olaniran, Oladele Abiodun; Kirk, William D. J.

doi:10.1556/aphyt.47.2012.1.16

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…To observe mating behaviour, an adult male and an adult female were placed together in a mating arena (5 mm diameter, height 1.5 mm) made from part of a sheet of toughened dental modelling wax [5]. The arena was cut out of the wax with a cork borer and was sandwiched between a glass microscope slide and a glass cover slip.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experienced males recognise and avoid mating with non-virgin females in the western flower thrips

Akinyemi

Kirk

2019

PLoS ONE

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The western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is a major insect pest on a wide range of crops throughout the world. There are several unexplained aspects of the mating behaviour, particularly in relation to male-male competition and mate choice. The objectives of the study were to test whether males can detect the mating status of females and whether males avoid mating with previously mated females. Experiments involved either ‘experienced’ adults taken from a laboratory culture, which had been exposed to high densities of thrips, or virgin adults reared individually. Experienced males mated readily with virgin females, but avoided mating with experienced females. Virgin males showed much less discrimination between females. Avoidance of mating with experienced females is likely to be widespread because it occurred in populations from both the United Kingdom and Kenya. Experienced males also mated with dead virgin females, but avoided mating with dead experienced females, which ruled out the possibility that behavioural differences between the females were responsible. To test whether males could detect whether or not females had mated, virgin females of the same age from the same cohort were either mated once or not mated. Experienced males mated with the dead females that were virgin and avoided mating with the dead females that differed only in that they had mated once shortly before. This showed that males recognise whether or not a female has mated and avoid mating with previously mated females. This avoidance by males suggests that mated females are not usually subjected to high levels of male harassment. The most likely explanation of the avoidance is that males produce an antiaphrodisiac pheromone that is applied to females during mating.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mating behaviour involves male aggregations, typically on flowers, in which males produce an aggregation pheromone that attracts both males and females [3,4]. The behaviour within aggregations has been described in detail [5–8]. Females fly to the aggregations, mate and then depart.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experienced males recognise and avoid mating with non-virgin females in the western flower thrips

Akinyemi

Kirk

2019

PLoS ONE

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“…We also found that the species-specific aggregation pheromone blends we tested had no effects on the close range interactions and matings between these two species. Other studies have demonstrated that a range of lower doses (50 pg-500 ng) of neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate could increase the activity level of females; while a range of lower doses (50 pg–500 ng) of (R)-lavandulyl acetate could reduce the walking and take-off activities of females but increase the activity level of males (Olaniran, 2013; Olaniran et al , 2013). However, they did not observe the effects of those doses on the interactions and mating behaviors between females and males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species-specific aggregation pheromones contribute to coexistence in two closely related thrips species

Geng

Zhang

et al. 2018

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Pheromones play an important role in mediating interspecific interactions in insects. In an insect community, pheromones can reveal information about the senders, which could be used by other members of the food web (competitor, natural enemies, etc.) to their own advantage. The aggregation pheromones of two closely related thrips species, Frankliniella occidentalis and Frankliniella intonsa, have been identified with the same major compounds, (R)-lavandulyl acetate and neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate, but in different ratios. However, the roles of the aggregation pheromones in the interspecific interactions between these two closely related species are unknown. Here, we investigated the roles of major aggregation pheromone compounds in interspecific interactions between F. occidentalis and F. intonsa for both long and short ranges. The results showed that, at tested doses, neither aggregation pheromone-induced long range cross-attraction nor short range cross-mating was detected between F. occidentalis and F. intonsa. Field-trapping trials showed that the species-specificity in aggregation pheromones was regulated by the ratio of two major compounds. However, species-specific blends of the two major compounds had no effect on short-range interactions between these two species. Our data from the thrips species provide support for the 'aggregation model of coexistence', explaining the species-specific pheromone-mediated coexistence of closely related species. Thus, species-specific pheromones could be one of the factors affecting population dynamics and community structure in closely related insects with similar niches.

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“…Aerial-based aggregations are found among dipterans, such as chironomids, culicids, simuliids, and ephemeropterans (Shelly & Whittier, 1997). Substrate-based aggregation behaviour of male thrips has been reported widely (Kirk, 1985; Olaniran & Kirk, 2012). Males of the genera Thrips and Frankliniella aggregate on corollas of flowers (Kirk, 1985; Milne et al., 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active aggregation among sexes in bean flower thrips (Megalurothrips sjostedti) on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

Niassy

Ekesi

Maniania

et al. 2015

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Male sexual aggregations are a common territorial, mating-related or resource-based, behaviour observed in diverse organisms, including insects such as thrips. The influence of factors such as plant substrate, time of day, and geographic location on aggregation of thrips is uncertain, therefore we monitored the dispersion of male and female bean flower thrips (BFT), Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), on cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. (Fabaceae), over three cowpea growth stages and across three cowpea-growing areas of Kenya. Our results indicated that for all the crop growth stages, the density of BFTs varied over the time of day, with higher densities at 10:00, 13:00, and 16:00 hours than at 07:00 hours. Thrips densities did not differ among blocks at the budding stage, but they did at peak flowering and podding stages. Dispersion indices suggested that both male and female BFTs were aggregated. Active male aggregation occurred only on green plant parts and it varied across blocks, crop stages, and locations. Similarly, active female aggregation was observed in peak flowering and podding stages. Such active aggregation indicates a semiochemical or behaviour-mediated aggregation. Identification of such a semiochemical may offer new opportunities for refining monitoring and management strategies for BFT on cowpea, the most important grain legume in sub-Saharan Africa.

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Fighting behaviour of male western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Experienced males recognise and avoid mating with non-virgin females in the western flower thrips

Experienced males recognise and avoid mating with non-virgin females in the western flower thrips

Species-specific aggregation pheromones contribute to coexistence in two closely related thrips species

Active aggregation among sexes in bean flower thrips (Megalurothrips sjostedti) on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

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