Fig latex inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria invading human diabetic wounds and accelerates wound closure in diabetic mice

Abstract

Impaired wound healing is one of the most critical complications associated with diabetes mellitus. Infections and foot ulcers are major causes of morbidity for diabetic patients. The current treatment of diabetic foot ulcers, commonly used antibiotics, is associated with the development of bacterial resistance. Hence, novel and more effective natural therapeutic antibacterial agents are urgently needed and should be developed against the pathogenic bacteria inhabiting diabetic wounds. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the impact of fig latex on pathogenic bacteria and its ability to promote the healing process of diabetic wounds. The pathogenic bacteria were isolated from patients with diabetic foot ulcers admitted to Assiut University Hospital. Fig latex was collected from trees in the Assiut region, and its chemical composition was analyzed using GC‒MS. The antibacterial efficacy of fig latex was assessed on the isolated bacteria. An in vivo study to investigate the effect of fig latex on diabetic wound healing was performed using three mouse groups: nondiabetic control mice, diabetic mice and diabetic mice treated with fig latex. The influence of fig latex on the expression levels of β-defensin-1, PECAM-1, CCL2 and ZO-1 and collagen formation was investigated. The GC‒MS analysis demonstrated the presence of triterpenoids, comprising more than 90% of the total latex content. Furthermore, using a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model, topical treatment of diabetic wound tissues with fig latex was shown to accelerate and improve wound closure by increasing the expression levels of β-defensin-1, collagen, and PECAM-1 compared to untreated diabetic wounds. Additionally, fig latex decreased the expression levels of ZO-1 and CCL2.

Metabolite profiling of the medicinal herb Phyllanthus niruri L. under drought stress

“…9-Hexacosene and dodecanoic acid, dodecyl ester, which only identified on 75% FC, have analgesic, anti-inflammatory [24], and antiseizure [25] activities. 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid has antibacterial, antiviral, neurological effect, antiatherosclerotic, antifibrotic, anti-ageing, anti-ulcer, and anticancer activities [26], and lanosta-8,24dien-3-one has anti-fungal activities [27] identified that only on 70% FC. Dotriacontanal, nonadecyl trifluoroacetate, and octacosanal have only detected on 55% FC.…”

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in diabetic foot ulcer: An updated comprehensive review

“…Diabetic patients’ immune systems are substantially weaker than those of healthy individuals. Therefore, the presence of infection in diabetic patients is a serious and fatal problem that can potentially result in limb loss 39 . Past research findings reveal that a variety of bacteria, including S. aureus , 40 E. coli , 41 and P. aeruginosa 42 frequently infect diabetic wounds.…”

“…Therefore, the presence of infection in diabetic patients is a serious and fatal problem that can potentially result in limb loss. 39 Past research findings reveal that a variety of bacteria, including S. aureus , 40 E. coli , 41 and P. aeruginosa 42 frequently infect diabetic wounds. These microbes cause the progression of sepsis and life‐threatening infections by penetrating deeper into the fascia via irritated or poorly perfused skin.…”

Enhancing Enzymatic Activity of Glucose Oxidase by Metal–Organic Framework Nanocarriers for Intensive Cascade Catalytic Antibacterial Therapy

“…The infection of pathogenic bacteria seriously affects human health and life, and postoperative infections have a high mortality rate, which frequently occurs worldwide. , Clinical bacterial infections are usually treated with antibiotic drugs, which have made significant contributions to basic medical research and social development, and are indispensable in global healthcare systems . Unfortunately, the overuse of antibiotics has led to increasing bacterial resistance, which poses a serious threat to the treatment of bacterial infections. − Thus, it is urgent to develop new bactericidal strategies that do not involve antibiotics.…”