Fifty Years of Anesthesia

Gwathmey, James T.

doi:10.1097/00000542-194105000-00017

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“…Anesthesia was subsequently maintained with a mixture of 90% to 95% nitrous oxide and oxygen. Criticized by James Gwathmey 22 as deliberate “asphyxiation and resuscitation,” the successful employment of secondary saturation depended on the clinical and technical skills of the anesthetist, as well as specialized apparatus capable of supplying precise quantities of nitrous oxide and oxygen under positive pressure. The ability to force high concentrations of oxygen into the lungs was crucial and provided “the assurance that one could bring the patient out” of a life-threatening spastic apnea.…”

Section: Evans’ Anesthetic Practice 1913 To 1923mentioning

confidence: 99%

John Henry Evans, MD: Founding Chairman of the Board of Governors of the International Anesthesia Research Society, and a Forgotten Pioneer of Oxygen Therapy

Featherstone

2022

Anesthesia &Amp; Analgesia

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The theoretical and practical foundations of modern oxygen therapy were established during the first half of the 20th century. John Henry Evans, MD, inaugural chairman of the Board of Governors of the International Anesthesia Research Society (IARS), was an early pioneer in this field. Challenging the conventional wisdom that high concentrations of oxygen were harmful when inspired over long periods, Evans advocated the continuous and extended administration of 100% oxygen in a wide range of conditions, using special apparatus developed by the Toledo Technical Appliance Company (later, the McKesson Appliance Company), which incorporated a tight-fitting facemask or nasal inhaler. In doing so, Evans became embroiled in a conflict with Alvan Barach of Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, which would take nearly a decade to resolve. Additionally, Evans experimented with the subcutaneous injection and intravenous infusion of oxygen, reporting significant benefits of the former in several acute inflammatory conditions, as well as a variety of chronic ailments. While these contributions have largely been forgotten, Evans expanded the remit of anesthesiology beyond the operating theater and the original charter of the IARS and helped lay the foundations for the rational use of oxygen as a therapeutic agent in all areas of medicine.

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Section: Evans’ Anesthetic Practice 1913 To 1923mentioning

confidence: 99%

John Henry Evans, MD: Founding Chairman of the Board of Governors of the International Anesthesia Research Society, and a Forgotten Pioneer of Oxygen Therapy

Featherstone

2022

Anesthesia &Amp; Analgesia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Fifty Years of Anesthesia

Cited by 1 publication

References 0 publications

John Henry Evans, MD: Founding Chairman of the Board of Governors of the International Anesthesia Research Society, and a Forgotten Pioneer of Oxygen Therapy

John Henry Evans, MD: Founding Chairman of the Board of Governors of the International Anesthesia Research Society, and a Forgotten Pioneer of Oxygen Therapy

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