Fieldnotes from Cape Verde: On Deported Youth, Research Methods, and Social Change

Hasselberg, Inês

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-57267-3_2

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…24 So, I adapted to each specific situation (cf. also Hasselberg, 2018) over the time of my research.…”

Section: Methods Sampling and Data Gathering In Polyphonymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Such social mechanisms have been prominently discussed in deportation studies not least as inciting processes of re-emigration or social distancing (cf. Hasselberg, 2018;Plambech, 2018;Alpes, 2017;Bredeloup, 2017;Drotbohm & Hasselberg, 2015;Schuster & Majidi, 2015;Drotbohm, 2012). 15 Some literature on the consequences of deportation tends to draw an extreme image of such "failures."…”

Section: The Migratory Adventurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deportations need to be analyzed in all their complexities and dynamics. The multi-sited approach is quasi tailor-made for researching people on the move, and allows one the best standpoint from which to grapple with the rupture and other effects of the administrative practice of deportation in its transnational dimension and all aspects of the migration cycle, as research in deportation studies has increasingly shown (e.g., Hasselberg 2018;Plambech, 2018Plambech, , 2017Alpes, 2017;Drotbohm, 2016Drotbohm, , 2015Drotbohm, , 2012Drotbohm, , 2011Khosravi, 2016;Golash-Boza, 2015). I did not, as originally and theoretically intended, follow the "highly mobile" deportees and refoulés, but more and more applied myself to and embraced the topic of immobilization after deportation as it emerged from the field.…”

Section: How To Study Conditions Post Deportation? Concluding Reflect...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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»Failed« Migratory Adventures?

Schultz¹

2022

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success can bring even more advantage and prestige (p. 187). The returnee is supposed to be a hero indeed.Deportations and the supposed ''failure'' of the migratory adventureRestrictive migration policies and multifold borders are what interrupt, stop, redirect, or reverse these migratory journeys (Drotbohm & Hasselberg, 2015) converting them into "new confinements and modes of exploitation" (Glick-Schiller & Salazar, 2013, p. 190). Deportation is generally understood as a legal, political, and socio-economic measure involving the forceful removal of a migrant from a national territory to another country (cf. Drotbohm & Hasselberg, 2015). There is a tendency to consider it as forced removal by air, but research is increasingly considering cross-border removal by land as well (Sylla & Cold-Ravnkilde, 2021; Alpes, 2020;Kleist, 2017a;Mensah, 2016).Deportations and involuntary returns produce the opposite of the heroic homecomings expected. They violently cut the journey to potential economic success and socio-cultural recognition. Particularly in the West African context, deportations are to be seen in relation to the adventurers' deep social embedding and relationality, before, during, and after the journeys (cf. Pian, 2010, p. 97). Here, the extended family plays a significant role in any aspect of life: West Africans experience themselves not as "having" relationships but as "being" relationships (Piot, 1999), an idea that I will develop, particularly in Chapter 5, and consciously construct their families across (inter)national and continental boundaries (cf., e.g., Drotbohm, 2015Drotbohm, , 2009. Deportations thus produce potential "failures" in light of the collective expectation of success and a triumphant homecoming. Against this background, the informants portray themselves as distressed and empty-handed, like Salif: at best with a plastic bag shuffling from the airport to some relative in Bamako. This powerful image emblematically embodies the drama of the unwanted return. As Éliane de Latour puts it: "Failure on the journey is worse than immobility on the spot: from being poor at the start, the warrior becomes poverty-stricken" (Latour, 2003, p. 187; transl. S.U.S.), 13 though in fact such a symbolic and charged depiction does not adequately mirror the realities on the ground."Failure," like the term "adventure," emerged in my research as an emic term first of all. Former deportees and their close contacts speak of "l'échec" or "maloya," the Bambara word for shame. More often, deportees and their circle will say "mon objectif n'était pas atteint" ("My objective was not attained"), or "je n'ai pas réussi" ("I did not succeed"), or, more explicitly, "j'ai échoué" ("I failed"), "c'était un échec" ("It was a failure"). However, the line taken by most of the men is that tounga man ja ("the travel did not work out") and "there are other ways of getting on" (Chapters 5 and 6). 13S.U.S. stands for the initials of the book's author Susanne Ursula Schultz. 17 This differs from the terminology of "state-induced" re...

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“…24 So, I adapted to each specific situation (cf. also Hasselberg, 2018) over the time of my research.…”

Section: Methods Sampling and Data Gathering In Polyphonymentioning

confidence: 97%