Field trip E6: Cretaceous geosites of the eastern Ruhr Area and the southern Münsterland

Hiß, Martin; Mutterlose, Jörg

doi:10.1127/sdgg/66/2010/168

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The red rectangles show the sections presented in Figure 5: l., lower; mid., middle; up., upper; Sald., Salder; Er., Erwitte; Coe., Coesfeld; Bau., Baumberg; lim., limestones. Source: Modified after Hiss and Mutterlose (2010) and Dölling et al (2018). [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcareous nannofossils in medieval mortar and mortar‐based materials: A powerful tool for provenance analysis

Falkenberg

Mutterlose

Kaplan³

2020

Archaeometry

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Calcareous nannofossils—very small‐scaled marine microfossils—occur in many archaeological materials. Foremost, these include limestones used in masonry, material which has not experienced significant modification by humans. Poorly documented are nannofossils in mortars, because the burning process of quicklime requires the heating of the raw material to > 800°C. Here we focus on calcareous nannofossils in mortar and mortar‐based samples of four medieval buildings in northern Germany. The study documents the presence of nannofossils in historic mortars. It supplies evidence for the provenance of the mortars used, thereby introducing a new tool for mortar provenance studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcareous nannofossils in medieval mortar and mortar‐based materials: A powerful tool for provenance analysis

Falkenberg

Mutterlose

Kaplan³

2020

Archaeometry

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Reservoir quality of Upper Cretaceous limestones (Ahlen-Fm., Beckum Member, Münsterland Cretaceous Basin): effects of cementation and compaction on the compactable depositional volume

Ölmez,

Busch,

Hilgers

2024

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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The Upper Cretaceous limestones unconformably overlie Upper Carboniferous coal-bearing lithologies and are studied to assess their effect on rising mine-water levels in the Ruhr mining district. Upper Cretaceous sedimentary rocks from the Münsterland Cretaceous Basin have previously been studied regarding their sedimentary structures and fossil content. However, understanding the petrophysical and petrographic heterogeneity in regard to sedimentary properties and their effect on fluid migration pathways is yet missing. Utilizing He-pycnometry, Klinkenberg-corrected air permeabilities, p-wave velocities, transmitted and reflected light analyses, point-counting and cathodoluminescence, we assess the petrophysical, geomechanical and mineralogical properties. Porosity ranges from 1.0 to 18.7% and permeability ranges from < 0.0001 to 0.2 mD, while p-wave velocity ranges between 2089 and 5843 m/s. Mechanical compaction leads to grain rearrangement, deformation of calcispheres, foraminifera and ductile clay mineral laminae. Above and below clay laminae, compaction bands of deformed calcispheres develop. Early diagenetic mineral precipitation of ferroan calcite in inter- and intragranular pores reduces porosity and permeability and influences geomechanical properties. An underestimated aspect of limestone petrography is the relationship of the original primary compactable depositional volume and the influence of compaction, deformation and cementation during early and late diagenesis on reservoir properties. The detrital dominated limestones show an originally high compactable depositional volume (CDV). Overall, reservoir qualities are poor and indicate the sealing potential of the studied lithologies. The Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) limestones thus may act as a barrier for increasing mine-water levels from dismantled, post-mining subsurface hard coal mines in the region. Graphical abstract

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Understanding the provenance and production process of historic mortars—a novel approach employing calcareous nannofossils

Falkenberg,

Kaplan,

Mutterlose

2023

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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Limestones (CaCO3) have been an important source for masonry and mortars throughout approx. 10,000 years of human history. They are often composed of calcitic shells of minute marine algae, known as calcareous nannofossils. The 0.25–30-µm large calcitic skeletons of these primary producers have been well documented from various archaeological materials including building stones of masonry. Surprisingly, these tiny microfossils were recently also observed in medieval mortars and mortar-based materials, even though the carbonate-based source rocks of the mortars have been heated in kilns for quicklime production. Burning experiments of carbonate-rich sedimentary rocks, containing well-preserved and abundant calcareous nannofossils, documented a deteriorating preservation and a decrease of diversity and relative abundance of the nannofossils with increasing temperatures.Alongside the lime-based binder historic mortars often contain under- and overburnt lime lumps and carbonate-rich aggregates; the latter were added after the heating process. Lime lumps and aggregates offer additional, so far not yet fully understood information on the burning process. Here, calcareous nannofossils were studied in ultra-thin sections of historic mortars, resulting in the separate analysis of the binder, lime lumps and aggregates. The findings allow (i) a more precise provenance of the limestones and (ii) a more accurate reconstruction of the temperatures reached during historic quicklime production. Our study thus improves the provenance analysis approach of limestones and sheds light on historic technology of mortar production by using calcareous nannofossils.

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Field trip E6: Cretaceous geosites of the eastern Ruhr Area and the southern Münsterland

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Calcareous nannofossils in medieval mortar and mortar‐based materials: A powerful tool for provenance analysis

Calcareous nannofossils in medieval mortar and mortar‐based materials: A powerful tool for provenance analysis

Reservoir quality of Upper Cretaceous limestones (Ahlen-Fm., Beckum Member, Münsterland Cretaceous Basin): effects of cementation and compaction on the compactable depositional volume

Understanding the provenance and production process of historic mortars—a novel approach employing calcareous nannofossils

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