2020
DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6678
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Field trials of chemical suppression of embryonic cane toads (Rhinella marina) by older conspecifics

Abstract: Laboratory experiments have shown that the viability of embryos of the invasive cane toad (Rhinella marina) can be reduced by exposure to chemical cues from older conspecific larvae. These effects (very strong in laboratory trials) may offer an exciting new approach to controlling this problematic invasive species in Australia. However, the degree to which the method works in natural environments has yet to be assessed. Our experiments in the laboratory and in seminatural outdoor waterbodies show that chemical… Show more

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Cited by 8 publications
(10 citation statements)
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References 34 publications
(49 reference statements)
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“…To determine whether exposure to +A or +Z affected the potency of the chemical cues produced by cane toad tadpoles, we exposed the tadpoles from each treatment to conspecific hatchlings. Conspecific hatchlings exhibit clear, dose-dependent responses to the cues produced by cane toad tadpoles [26][27][28]. These effects are associated with the induction of defence against cannibalism by older conspecifics, which is a major source of mortality for cane toad eggs and hatchlings.…”
Section: (D) Cue Potency Experimentsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…To determine whether exposure to +A or +Z affected the potency of the chemical cues produced by cane toad tadpoles, we exposed the tadpoles from each treatment to conspecific hatchlings. Conspecific hatchlings exhibit clear, dose-dependent responses to the cues produced by cane toad tadpoles [26][27][28]. These effects are associated with the induction of defence against cannibalism by older conspecifics, which is a major source of mortality for cane toad eggs and hatchlings.…”
Section: (D) Cue Potency Experimentsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To defend against this threat, hatchlings accelerate their development upon detecting cues produced by conspecific tadpoles [27]. The magnitude of the subsequent effects depends upon the level of risk perceived, such that stronger cues lead to larger reductions in viability during the tadpole stage [28]. Although stronger cues may generally indicate greater risk (i.e.…”
Section: (D) Cue Potency Experimentsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Both male and female cane toads attempt to select spawning sites that optimise the survival of their offspring; and the prospect of cannibalism or chemical suppression of their offspring by older tadpoles will influence spawning site selection (Hearnden 1991;Clarke et al 2015). The best spawning sites are those with no or few tadpoles, and with high densities of calling adult males (Hearnden 1991;Clarke et al 2019;McCann et al 2020a). Once a spawning site has been selected, simulated breeding females mate with a randomly selected breeding male, and then spawn a clutch of eggs (but see Bowcock et al 2013;Yasumiba et al 2015).…”
Section: Reproductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Trap placement frequency was associated with a specified level of effort. As is the case in the wild, trapped simulated tadpoles could not be detected by breeding adults prospecting for optimal spawning sites (McCann et al 2020a). Moreover, trapped simulated tadpoles were only removed from the simulation after they metamorphosed, or when the virtual traps were removed from the simulation, which allowed them to continue producing pheromones that suppress the growth and development of nearby eggs.…”
Section: Management Strategiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…First, hatchlings are affected by ‘cannibal cues’ associated with the approach of older, cannibalistic tadpoles (Clarke, Crossland, Shilton, Shine, & Rohr, 2015; Crossland & Shine, 2011, 2012; DeVore, Crossland, & Shine, 2021). Exposure to cannibal cues causes hatchlings to accelerate development, with significant carry-over effects during the subsequent tadpole stage: decreased tadpole survival, decreased body mass and body size (i.e., growth), reduced tooth row keratinization, increased swimming behaviour and repression of feeding behaviour (Clarke et al, 2015; Crossland & Shine, 2012; DeVore, Crossland, & Shine, 2021; DeVore, Crossland, Shine, & Ducatez, 2021; McCann, Crossland, Greenlees, & Shine, 2020). Second, injured tadpoles release an ‘alarm cue’, reflecting a predation risk, that elicits immediate avoidance by conspecifics (Hagman & Shine, 2008).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%