Field test validation of water film depth (WFD) prediction models for pavement surface drainage

Rain Effect on 4G LTE In-Car Electromagnetic Propagation Analyzed Through MDT Radio Data Measurement Reported by Mobile Phones

“…In the first case (see figure 7b in ref. [32]), the effect of persistence of water film over asphalt after rain fall stop, maintains a water film layer thickness of 1 mm, still constant 5 minutes after the end of rainy moments. So, in this case the level of water film is not always 2/3 of rain level, because it doesn't fall to zero when rain stops.…”

“…15 the scheme of layered structure is shown for both wet glass and wet asphalt. The choice of 1 mm water layer on top of asphalt was made considering the effect of water accumulation described in [32]. Fig.…”

“…In [32] the Authors analyzed different models to predict water film thickness on roads due to rainfall. To obtain this goal a field test was used, to measure the real water film thickness on the road, thickness related to different rain intensities tested and different types of roads tested (asphalt and concrete).…”

“…Specifically, some test site, precisely refer to Asphalt in good or excellent conditions, like the A22 studied in the article (A22 is a key road in Italy). The two trends (figure 7a in [32]) are here calculated and reproduced in Fig. 19 to better show on a single scale the effect of rain over the asphalt, and to calculate relevant means of the two phenomena under comparison.…”

“…see second peak of water film of the asphalt is less delayed in time, due to a water film still present on the asphalt). The mentioned field test in [32] allows also to calculate the mean of rain during the observation period about 2.28 mm, and the related mean water film depth during the same period about 1.42 mm. The ratio between these two numbers (0.62) suggests (rule of thumb) that over asphalt the thickness of water film on the average is 2/3 of the mm of rain.…”