Field Study of Luminaire Dirt Depreciation

Levin, Robert E.; Brackett, William W.; Burke, James; Frank, Norma A.

doi:10.1080/00994480.2002.10748390

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Dirt and dust that settles on lamps and luminaire not only reduce the output but can also change the distribution of a luminaire (Levin 2002 9). An open luminaire without ventilation would have to be cleaned every 12 months to keep the light loss at the same level.…”

Section: Planned Versus Reactive Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

Operations & Maintenance Best Practices - A Guide to Achieving Operational Efficiency (Release 3)

Sullivan¹,

Pugh²,

Melendez³

et al. 2010

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mission of FEMP is to facilitate the Federal Government's implementation of sound, costeffective energy management and investment practices to enhance the nation's energy security and environmental stewardship. Each of these activities is directly related to achieving requirements set forth in:• The Energy Policy Act of 2005, which established a number of energy and water management goals for Federal facilities and fleets and also amended portions of the National Energy Conservation Policy Act (NECPA).• Executive Order 13423, Strengthening Federal Environmental, Energy, and Transportation Management (signed in January 2007). This set more challenging goals than EPAct 2005 and superseded existing executive orders 13123 and 13149.• The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, which further established energy, water, and building commissioning management goals and requirements and also amended portions of EPAct 2005 and NECPA. EISA was signed into law in December 2007. • Executive Order 13514, Federal Leadership in Environmental, Energy and Economic Performance(signed in October of 2009) directs Federal agencies to further address energy, water, and operational efficiency beyond E.O. 13423 with targeted goals and actions.Release 3.0 of this guide provides updates to Release 2.0 in the areas of O&M technologies, equipment performance, and costs. This new release also addresses water use and the impacts that recommended O&M practices can have on water efficiency.Overall, this guide highlights O&M programs targeting energy and water efficiency that are estimated to save 5% to 20% on energy bills without a significant capital investment. Depending on the Federal site, these savings can represent thousands to hundreds-of-thousands dollars each year, and many can be achieved with minimal cash outlays. In addition to energy/resource savings, a well-run O&M program will:• Increase the safety of all staff, as properly maintained equipment is safer equipment.• Ensure the comfort, health, and safety of building occupants through properly functioning equipment providing a healthy indoor environment.• Confirm the design life expectancy of equipment is achieved.• Facilitate the compliance with the above-mentioned Acts and Orders as well as Federal legislation such as the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act, as well as expected carbon mitigation legislation.The focus of this guide is to provide the Federal O&M/Energy manager and practitioner with information and actions aimed at achieving these savings and benefits. Beth Shearer, of Beth Shearer and Associates, provided a conscientious review of material provided in this version of the document. She provided invaluable comments and suggestions to improve the quality of the document.Finally, the authors would like to extend their appreciation to PNNL's document production team -Dave Payson and Elaine Schneider -for the conscientious, team-oriented, and high quality assistance they brought to this version of the document. Tools .....................................

show abstract

Section: Planned Versus Reactive Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

Operations & Maintenance Best Practices - A Guide to Achieving Operational Efficiency (Release 3)

Sullivan¹,

Pugh²,

Melendez³

et al. 2010

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Dirt and dust that settles on lamps and luminaire not only reduce the output but can also change the distribution of a luminaire (Levin 2002 ). An open luminaire without ventilation would have to be cleaned every 12 months to keep the light loss at the same level.…”

Section: Planned Versus Reactive Maintenancementioning

confidence: 99%

O&M Best Practices - A Guide to Achieving Operational Efficiency (Release 2.0)

Sullivan¹,

Pugh²,

Melendez³

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PrefaceThis Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Best Practices Guide was developed under the direction of the U.S. Department of Energy's Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP). The mission of FEMP is to reduce the cost and environmental impact of the federal government by advancing energy efficiency and water conservation, promoting the use of distributed and renewable energy, and improving utility management decisions at federal sites. Each of these activities is directly related to achieving requirements set forth in the Energy Policy Act of 1992 and the goals that have been established in Executive Order 13123 (June 1999), but also those that are inherent in sound management of federal financial and personnel resources.Release 2.0 of this guide highlights O&M programs targeting energy efficiency that are estimated to save 5% to 20% on energy bills without a significant capital investment. Depending on the federal site, these savings can represent thousands to hundreds-of-thousands dollars each year, and many can be achieved with minimal cash outlays. In addition to energy/resource savings, a well-run O&M program will:• Increase the safety of all staff, as properly maintained equipment is safer equipment.• Ensure the comfort, health and safety of building occupants through properly functioning equipment providing a healthy indoor environment.• Confirm the design life expectancy of equipment is achieved.• Facilitate the compliance with federal legislation such as the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act.The focus of this guide is to provide the Federal O&M/Energy manager and practitioner with information and actions aimed at achieving these savings and benefits.The guide consists of eleven chapters. The first chapter is an introduction and an overview. Chapter 2 provides the rationale for "Why O&M?" Chapter 3 discusses O&M management issues and their importance. Chapter 4 examines Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS) and their role in an effective O&M program. Chapter 5 looks at the different types of maintenance programs and definitions. Chapter 6 focuses on maintenance technologies, particularly the most accepted predictive technologies. Chapter 7 describes the building commissioning process and how it contributes to effective O&M. Chapter 8 covers the topic of metering and its applications for improved operations and efficiency. Chapter 9 explores O&M procedures for the predominant equipment found at most federal facilities. Chapter 10 describes some of the promising O&M technologies and tools on the horizon to increase O&M efficiency. Chapter 11 provides ten steps to initiating an operational efficiency program. Additional information is provided in the appendixes.O&M Best Practices Guide, Release 2.0 v AcknowledgmentsThis report is the result of numerous people working to achieve a common goal of improving operations and maintenance and energy efficiency across the federal sector. The authors wish to acknowledge the contribution and valuable assistance provided by the staff of the Federal En...

show abstract

“…As a result, current design practices may overestimate the light losses due to dirt accumulation, resulting in greater energy use than necessary for lighting systems in newer buildings. Levin (2002) reported the methods and results of a study in which the fluorescent lighting systems in 197 different facilities were monitored over a three-year period. Figure 2 (Levin 2002) compares the results of this study to the previously published IESNA LDD curves, and shows that the actual light loss due to dirt depreciation was much less than the IESNA estimates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminaire Dirt Depreciation for an Indirect Lighting System

Davis

Partridge²

2005

LEUKOS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sustainable design practices for lighting systems require that "just enough" luminaires are installed (and thus "just enough" electric power connected) to meet the visual and environmental needs of a space. Determining the proper quantity of luminaires requires estimating the expected light losses due to dirt accumulation. If the estimates employed in the lighting design process overstate the actual loss of light due to this accumulation, more luminaires will be specified than are actually needed, and thus more energy will be employed for lighting.The study reported in this paper evaluated the effect on illuminances that resulted from cleaning the lighting equipment in a portion of a library. The study was a relatively simple "before and after" field study in which the illuminances were measured, then the lighting equipment cleaned, then the illuminances measured again. Results showed a mean reduction in illuminance due to luminaire dirt of 29 percent, less than the reduction that would have been predicted using common dirt depreciation factors. The results of this study of a single lighting installation are consistent with recently reported results from a much larger study, and extend those results to another luminaire type and to another type of environmental condition.

show abstract

Field Study of Luminaire Dirt Depreciation

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Operations & Maintenance Best Practices - A Guide to Achieving Operational Efficiency (Release 3)

Operations & Maintenance Best Practices - A Guide to Achieving Operational Efficiency (Release 3)

O&M Best Practices - A Guide to Achieving Operational Efficiency (Release 2.0)

Luminaire Dirt Depreciation for an Indirect Lighting System

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About