Field studies of bioluminescence in the Antarctic sector of the Atlantic Ocean in 2002 and 2020

Abstract

In this work, IBSS materials on seawater bioluminescence intensity changes in the Atlantic sector of the Antarctic Ocean (the Weddell Sea area) with an interval of almost 20 years are presented. Data were obtained using a single instrument, the hydrobiophysical system Salpa‐M, in the area of 50–63°S, 62–49°W in March 2002 (183 soundings at 45 stations during cruise 7 on RV Gorizont) and in February 2020 (122 soundings at 18 stations during cruise 79 on RV Academic Mstislav Keldysh). The bioluminescence studies were coupled with the simultaneous measurement of temperature, electrical conductivity, and photosynthetically active radiation, and they were compared with the data from processing plankton samples. Over the past 20 years, as a consequence of the appearance of a large number of gelatinous organisms and the resulting changes in the structure of the plankton community, the bioluminescence of Antarctic waters in the euphotic layer of this region has decreased almost two‐fold, currently being in the range 8.4 × 10−12 to 104.42 × 10−12 W·cm−2·L−1.

Field studies of bioluminescence in Bransfield Strait in 2022

“…In the previous studies, it was stated that during the second half of the twentieth century, BF was mainly formed by phytoplankton and krill, whereas the latest 20 years have seen extensive fields of luminous salps along with a significant decrease in the amount of phytoplankton. [ 22 ]…”

Bioluminescence of the tropical Indian Ocean: a multiple‐scale variation

“…The bathyphotometer SALPA-M includes a bioluminescence sensor with sensitivity from 10 À12 to 10 -8 W cm -2 L À1 . [23] The temperature sensor…”

“…The bathyphotometer SALPA‐M includes a bioluminescence sensor with sensitivity from 10 −12 to 10 –8 W cm –2 L −1 . [ 23 ] The temperature sensor covered measurements in the range −3 o C to +35 o C. To calibrate the bioluminescence sensor, a radioactive–luminescence light source was used. The depth of the submersible gear was estimated by means of the pressure sensor with a precision of 0.01 MPa.…”

“…S: Salinity. The number assigned to a parameter abbreviation stands for the oceanographic station number(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)…”

Fading bioluminescence of the tropical Atlantic Ocean

“…The bathyphotometer 'SALPA' used for BP measurements has a dynamic band of 57 db and the sensitivity of the bioluminescence sensor from 10 À13 to 10 À8 W cm À2 L À1 with a band of spectral sensitivity from 160 to 600 nm. [11,12] To calibrate the bioluminescence sensor, a radioactive-luminescent light source was used. The depth of the submersible gear was estimated by means of the pressure sensor with a precision of 0.01 MPa.…”