Field screening of nine plant extracts for the control of post-flowering insect pests of cowpea,<i>Vigna unguiculata</i>(L.) Walp

Oparaeke, A. M.

doi:10.1080/03235400500094399

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Homemade aqueous extracts of clove basil controlled hemipteran pests (Amoabeng et al 2013;Oparaeke 2006) and lepidopteran pests (Amoabeng et al 2013) in field applications (Tables 1 and 2). Results of storage trials are inconsistent, with 1 out of 3 trials showing no efficacy against coleopteran pests (Law-Ogbomo and Enobakhare 2007;Mlambo et al 2017;Osipitan et al 2014).…”

Section: Clove Basil (Ocimum Gratissimum)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In field applications, bitter leaf aqueous extracts were used to control coleopteran pests (Mkenda et al 2015a;Tembo et al 2018), hemipteran pests (Degri et al 2012;Mkenda et al 2015a;Oparaeke 2006;Onunkun 2012;Tembo et al 2018), and lepidopteran pests (Degri et al 2012), with a positive outcome in 6 out of 8 instances and with a level of control inferior or similar to the positive controls (Tables 1 and 2). However, the application of ground plant material to the soil was not effective against termites (Ibrahim and Demisse 2013).…”

Section: Bitter Leaf (Vernonia Amygdalina)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of homemade botanical insecticides based on traditional knowledge. A review

Dougoud

Toepfer

Bateman

et al. 2019

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

111

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Homemade botanical insecticides are widely used by subsistence and transitional farmers in low-income countries. Their use is often driven by the limited availability or cost of commercial pesticides. Homemade botanical insecticides are often recommended by agricultural extension services and some development organizations. However, this could be questioned because scientific evidence of their efficacy and safety may not be available or accessible. Although botanicals with insecticidal properties have been widely studied, a synthesis focusing specifically on homemade preparations used in realistic field or storage conditions is missing. In this paper, we review efficacy assessments of botanicals used to prepare homemade insecticides. This covers twelve botanicals recommended by national extension partners in 20 countries within the global agricultural Plantwise program. These are as follows: garlic (Allium sativum), neem (Azadirachta indica), chili pepper (Capsicum spp.), Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata), mother of cocoa (Gliricidia sepium), chinaberry (Melia azedarach), moringa (Moringa oleifera), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum), tephrosia (Tephrosia vogelii), tree marigold (Tithonia diversifolia), and bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina). This review shows that (1) all the selected botanicals contain active ingredients with insecticidal, antifeedant, or repellent properties, and (2) homemade insecticides based on all the selected botanicals have been used with some success to control pests or prevent damage, although efficacy was variable and often lower than the positive controls (synthetic pesticides). Factors affecting the efficacy of homemade botanical insecticide include variation in active ingredient content and concentration in plant material, as well as variation in the preparation process. In conclusion, there is some evidence that homemade botanical insecticides could contribute to reducing losses in food production. Since further research is needed to better understand their variable efficacy and potential health and environmental risks, those who promote the use of homemade botanical insecticides should also communicate those "unknowns" to the farmers who use such products.

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Section: Clove Basil (Ocimum Gratissimum)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bitter Leaf (Vernonia Amygdalina)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of homemade botanical insecticides based on traditional knowledge. A review

Dougoud

Toepfer

Bateman

et al. 2019

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The Phytochemical screening of the plant extracts revealed the presence of (alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponin, oxalate) ug/g (Onuh et al, 2005, Dialoke et al, 2014 Infrared spectroscopy of the extracts revealed some bioactive compounds like aldehyde, carboxylic acid, isocyanate, alkenes, alcohol, absorbed at different wave lengths (Oparaeke et al, 2006, Dialoke et al, 2014. The experiment showed that different concentrations of extracts of Ocimum gratissimum inhibited the radial growth, changes in colour and appearance of the media from curtney brown to white at different time-intervals, very pronounced in liquid extracts than powder extracts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is an annual legume, commonly referred to as southern pea, black pea, crowder, labia, niebe, coupe or frijole (Amadioha, 2001, Hall et al, 2003, Onuh et al, 2005. Cowpeas are leguminous seeds that are widely produced in Africa under marginal production system (Oparaeke et al, 2005;Oparaeke, 2006;Phad, 2004). It performs well even when produced in marginal soils due to their ability to fix substantial nitrogen in the soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of African basil (Ocimum gratissimum) extracts against Water mould (Pythium aphanidermatum) in cowpea

Emeribe¹

2022

J. Agr. Food Sci.

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The experiment was designed to investigate the effects of Ocimum gratissimum extracts in the control of Pythium aphanidermatum in cowpea. This was conducted in Crop Science and Biotechnology laboratory, Imo State University, Owerri between May to August 2018 using completely randomized design (C.R.D). There were 8 treatments replicated 4 times. Powder and Liquid extracts of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum were applied at different concentrations (0,5, 10, 15) g and (0, 5, 10, 15) mls respectively, inoculated on the media, Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) in petri dishes to check the incidence and spread of the disease. Extracts of Ocimum gratissimum were effective against Pythium aphanidermatum in all the parameters tested. On inoculation of PDA media, different forms of Pythium aphanidermatum (ring or circular and dotted) in all treatments were observed, except the control. Quantitative analyses and Infrared spectroscopy of Ocimum gratissimum leaf extracts revealed the presence of active phytochemicals (alkaloids 3.6, tannins 15.4, flavonoids, oxalate 5.8, saponins 3.1) ug/g and infrared compounds (alkenes (3201.2), alcohol (3344.5), carboxylic acid (2995.5), aldehyde (2719.5), and isocyanate (2804.4) absorbed at different wave lengths in cm-1 were identified.Different fungal growths were cleared using different levels of extracts, (15>10>5>0) mls thanpowder extracts respectively. The ability of the extracts to exert fungicidal effects was due to thepresence of active phytochemicals and infrared compounds present in the extracts.

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“…The filtrate obtained formed the extract that was diluted with an appropriate quantity of water to form the spray solution (Oparaeke et al, 2005;Ahmed et al, 2009). Ogunwolu and Idowu (1997) reported that the crude extract is homogenized in methanol: water solvent.…”

Section: Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) control by plant products in cowpea grains under storage: A review

Muhammad¹,

Bashir²

2017

J Med Bot

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The present review focuses on some major researches dealing with controlling Cowpea seed bruchid (CSB) due to Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) [Coleoptera: Bruchidae] by using some plant products. The objective of this review is to look in to the successes of the use of plant materials in the management of CSB especially in the tropics where bulk of the crop is cultivated and consumed. The review of available literature showed that, plants such as Neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss; Garlic, Allium sativum (L.); West African pepper, Piper guineense Schumach; drum stick, Moringa oleifera Lam; African Basil, Ocimum gratissimum (L.); Moss plant; Barbula indica and Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook has been used in CSB control. Available literatures showed that garlic, chilies and peppermint applied at the rate of 0.035-0.55g significantly (p≤0.05) reduced oviposition, respectively compared to the control. Similarly, powdered flowers of M. oleifera applied at the rate of 0.5 g per 30 g of seeds caused mortality of CSB better than the control 8 hours after infestation. The use of C. anisata and Permethrin showed percentage mortality of cowpea bruchids was high using Permethrin but was not significantly (p≥0.05) better than Clausena leaf powder. Groundnut oil applied at ˂ 4mls kg -1 does not affect germination process of cowpea stored for up to 12 weeks. However, increasing rate of application decreases germination. The review clearly indicated that plant products have potentials of controlling CSB in stored cowpea as they are safe and free from residue. They are hereby encouraged.

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Field screening of nine plant extracts for the control of post-flowering insect pests of cowpea,Vigna unguiculata(L.) Walp

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Efficacy of homemade botanical insecticides based on traditional knowledge. A review

Efficacy of homemade botanical insecticides based on traditional knowledge. A review

Effect of African basil (Ocimum gratissimum) extracts against Water mould (Pythium aphanidermatum) in cowpea

Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) control by plant products in cowpea grains under storage: A review

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