Field Monitoring of a Permeable Reactive Barrier for Removal of Chlorinated Organics

Lai, Keith C. K.; Lo, Irene Man Chi; Birkelund, Vibeke; Kjeldsen, Peter

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2006)132:2(199)

Cited by 77 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It appears from the overview of treatable contaminants that Fe 0 might be regarded as a technology with the potential to manage all classes of contaminants (inorganic ions, organic poisons, and harmful germs). This impression is supported by articles which reported on quantitative removal of species (e.g., 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, methylene blue, triazoles) which were proven to be not reducible by Fe 0 [83][84][85]. The performance of Fe 0 materials for water treatment has been adapted in recent years via multiple different methodologies, for a wide range of applications, including: (i) decreasing the particle size to nano-scale in order to enhance the reactivity of the material as a function of mass [86]; (ii) embedding noble bimetallic particles into the Fe 0 structure in order to improve the galvanic properties of the material [87]; (iii) embedding Fe 0 into appropriate porous support materials [14,48]; and (iv) embedding Fe 0 with complimentary adsorbent materials [88][89][90].…”

Section: /H2o System For Contaminant Mitigationsupporting

confidence: 59%

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Testing Metallic Iron Filtration Systems for Decentralized Water Treatment at Pilot Scale

Tepong-Tsindé

Crane

Noubactep

et al. 2015

Water

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There are many factors to consider for the design of appropriate water treatment systems including: cost, the concentration and type of biological and/or chemical contamination, concentration limits at which contaminant(s) are required to be removed, required flow rate, level of local expertise for on-going maintenance, and social acceptance. An ideal technology should be effective at producing clean, potable water; however it must also be low-cost, low-energy (ideally energy-free) and require low-maintenance. The use of packed beds containing metallic iron (Fe 0 filters) has the potential to become a cheap widespread technology for both safe drinking water provision and wastewater treatment. for decentralized water treatment particularly in the developing world. A design for safe drinking water to a community of 100 people is also discussed as starting module. It is suggested that Fe 0 filters have the potential for significant worldwide applicability, but particularly in the developing world. The appropriate design of Fe 0 filters, however, is site-specific and dependent upon the availability of local expertise/materials.

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Section: /H2o System For Contaminant Mitigationsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…The two examples in Section 4.3 and the parameters in Tables 1 and 2 PRBs [83,141] have not been satisfactorily rationalized [122,123]. It is evident that the composition of contaminated waters and effluents vary to a large extent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Metallic Iron Filtration Systems for Decentralized Water Treatment at Pilot Scale

Tepong-Tsindé

Crane

Noubactep

et al. 2015

Water

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“…For example, several investigators documented reduced concentrations of heavy metals in groundwater flowing through permeable reactive barriers [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Others reported decreased concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons [13][14][15] and chlorinated solvents [7,8,10,13,16,17] at field sites equipped with reactive barriers. Moreover, Robertson et al [18] reported a successful application of reactive barrier technology for nutrients in groundwater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Configuring passive wells with reactive media for treating contaminated groundwater

Hudak

2008

Environ. Prog.

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Passive (nonpumped) wells filled with reactive media may be an effective alternative to permeable reactive barriers for treating contaminated groundwater in deep aquifers. This study's objective was to evaluate alternative passive well configurations for treating contaminated groundwater in a simulated aquifer. Six configurations of 17 wells were tested, each well screened across the saturated zone. Passive wells occupied various locations on monitoring transects. Five configurations involved one or more monitoring transects perpendicular to regional groundwater flow, positioned downgradient of a contaminant plume. In a sixth configuration, monitoring transects were ±45° to groundwater flow, joined downgradient of the contaminant plume. A numerical mass transport model, accounting for advection and hydrodynamic dispersion, tested the ability of each passive well configuration to reduce contaminant concentrations and prevent offsite contaminant migration. For a fixed number of wells, relatively effective strategies include: (a) spanning the lateral width of a contaminant plume; (b) multiple monitoring transects, with relatively close well spacing along upgradient transects; and (c) 45° monitoring transects. Overall, the 45° structure was most effective. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2008

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“…Wadley et al (2005) suggested mixing iron and bentonite into aquifer contaminated by free-phase PCE and TCE was an effective means of source zone remediation in both laboratory and field tests, as bentonite can prevent potential mobilization of free-phase chlorinated solvent. Lai et al 2006 demonstrated a PRB with zero-valent iron to remove chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, which was installed at the Vapokon site, Denmark, and achieved about 92.4-97.5% removal after 4 years. Borden (2007) injected an emulsified oil substrate into a phreatic aquifer to form a 15-m-long biologically active permeable reactive barrier to treat groundwater contaminated by chlorinated solvents and perchlorate in a pilot test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Three-Dimensional Flow and Transport Modeling of an Aquifer Contaminated by Perchloroethylene Subject to Multi-PRB Remediation

2011

Transp Porous Med

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Although subsurface contamination by organic chemicals is a pervasive environmental problem, a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) as a typical in-situ remediation technology is often successful at many sites. Laboratory tests have shown that perchloroethylene (PCE) can be dechlorinated by the combination of zero-valent iron and anaerobic microbial communities (FeMB), and the degradation pathway was: PCE → TCE → 1, 1-DCE → ethylene→ ethane (Ma amd Wu Environ Geol 55(1):47-54, 2008). Based on Ma's experimental results, we have extended MT3DMS to simulate mother-daughter chain reactions using MODFLOW-2005 V1.7/MT3DMS V5.2. Second, using FeMB as multi-PRB's reactive media, a 5-component transport model for a three-dimensional aquifer contaminated by PCE subject to multi-PRB remediation was built. Third, the adsorption and degradation parameters of reactive media were estimated by means of genetic algorithm. Finally, the three-dimensional, homogeneous aquifer contaminated by PCE subject to multi-PRB remediation was simulated. Overall, the purpose of this paper was to use FeMB as multi-PRB's reactive media, and develop a modified MODFLOW/MT3DMS that can simulate a three-dimensional aquifer contaminated by PCE and its daughters. Results demonstrated that FeMB could be a potential reactive media for PCE-contaminated groundwater. Multi-PRB could be a preferred option for secondly pollution caused by application of one-stage PRB. The modified MODFLOW/MT3DMS can effectively simulate multispecies mother-daughter chain kinetic reactions. Sensitivity analysis showed that losses of reactivity and permeability may have a significant effect on remediation's success.

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Field Monitoring of a Permeable Reactive Barrier for Removal of Chlorinated Organics

Cited by 77 publications

References 25 publications

Testing Metallic Iron Filtration Systems for Decentralized Water Treatment at Pilot Scale

Testing Metallic Iron Filtration Systems for Decentralized Water Treatment at Pilot Scale

Configuring passive wells with reactive media for treating contaminated groundwater

A Three-Dimensional Flow and Transport Modeling of an Aquifer Contaminated by Perchloroethylene Subject to Multi-PRB Remediation

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