Field measurements of ice-jam-release surges

Beltaos, Spyros; Burrell, Brian C.

doi:10.1139/l05-020

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…As mentioned earlier, ice-jam releases generate steep waves of considerable height (Beltaos and Burrell 2005a). Wavegenerated velocities and bed shear stresses can be much greater that those experienced during open-water floods, especially in wide and steep rivers at high flow (Beltaos 1995;Beltaos and Burrell 2005b).…”

Section: Scour Potential Of Ice-jam Release Wavesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Hydraulic effects of ice breakup on bridges

Beltaos¹,

Miller²,

Burrell³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Civ. Eng.

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The passage of river ice during the breakup event can have several effects on bridge structures. Design for ice passage at bridges has largely been empirical, such as the determination of superstructure clearance requirements based on historical stage data. As hydrologic and river ice processes in rivers are modified by climatic change, the use of empirical methods based on past observations and measurements could become less reliable. To advance beyond empiricism, it is necessary to develop rational design criteria based on a thorough understanding of the factors governing the interaction between bridges and ice. This concern applies especially during the breakup event when river flows, velocities, and hydrodynamic forces are usually higher and moving ice is thicker and stronger than during freeze-up. This paper provides guidance on the design of bridges to minimize ice impacts on the structure during the breakup period.Résumé : Le passage des glaces durant la débâcle peut avoir de nombreux effets sur la structure des ponts. La conception des ponts pour le passage des glaces était à ce jour largement empirique, comme la détermination du dégagement des superstructures conçues selon les données historiques. Alors que les processus hydrologiques et des glaces seront modifiés par les changements climatiques, l'utilisation de méthodes empiriques basées sur les observations et les mesures passées pourrait devenir moins fiable. Pour progresser au-delà de l'empirisme, il est nécessaire de développer des critères de conception rationnels, basés sur une compréhension approfondie des facteurs régissant l'interaction entre les ponts et la glace. Cela s'applique surtout durant la débâcle lorsque les débits, les vitesses et les forces hydrodynamiques des rivières sont généralement plus élevés et que la glace en mouvement est plus épaisse et résistante que durant la formation des glaces. Le présent article fournit des lignes directrices pour la conception des ponts afin de minimiser les impacts des glaces sur la structure durant la période de débâcle.

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Section: Scour Potential Of Ice-jam Release Wavesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Hydraulic effects of ice breakup on bridges

Beltaos¹,

Miller²,

Burrell³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Civ. Eng.

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“…Based on field measurements, Beltaos and Burrell (2005, 2010 analyzed the variation process of water temperature and water level during the period of river breakup. It is shown that flow heat transfer rate was influenced by the maximum roughness and porosity of ice jams during the breakup periods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of bridge pier on ice jam evolution – an experimental study

Wang

Hua

Sui

et al. 2016

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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Abstract:The ice jam in a river can significantly change the flow field in winter and early spring. The presence of bridge piers further complicates the hydraulic process by interacting between the ice jam and bridge piers. Using the data collected from experiments in a laboratory flume, the evolution of an ice jam around bridge piers having three different diameters has been investigated in this study. Compared to results without-pier, it was found that the formation of an ice jam in the downstream of bridge pier is faster than that in the upstream. The thickness distribution of the ice jam shows clearly different characteristics in front and behind of bridge piers at different stages of the ice jam.

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“…In the past 30 years much research has led to increased knowledge of ice jams and associated river hydraulics. Studies have documented changes in break up timing during spring (Prowse & Bonsal, 2004), characteristics of ice jam release surges (Jasek, 2003;Beltaos & Burrell, 2005) and the impacts of climate variability on ice jam events (Beltaos, 2002;Prowse & Conly, 1998;Prowse & Beltaos, 2002). The confluence of rivers is a location where ice jams often form.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%