Field measurement of the sheltering effect of vegetation on erodible land surfaces

Stockton, Paul H.; Gillette, Dale A.

doi:10.1002/ldr.3400020202

Cited by 173 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This approach is inherently applicable to understanding the aerodynamics of a sparse vegetative canopy. Shear stress partitioning has been used to evaluate the role of vegetation in decreasing wind erosion in agricultural fields [Marshall, 1971] and rangelands [Stockton and Gillette, 1990;Wolfe and Nickling, 1996]. It has also been applied to examine the The purpose of this paper is to present drag coefficients derived from direct measurements of wind force on greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus), a desert shrub that is widely distributed in the Great Basin region of the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field determination of drag forces and shear stress partitioning effects for a desert shrub (Sarcobatus vermiculatus, greasewood)

Gillies¹,

Lancaster²,

Nickling³

et al. 2000

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. Drag coefficients (Ca) for the desert shrub greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus) were developed from force versus wind speed data collected with an omnidirectional force balance. The average Ca for a small (0.6 rn high, 0.5 rn wide) shrub and a larger (1.6 rn high, 1.3 m wide) shrub were 1.425 (_+0.103) and 0.435 (_+0.200), respectively. These values are much larger than similarly shaped solid elements and previously reported values for creosote bush (Larrea tridentata, Ca = 0.485) and an artificial tree (0.4). The greater Ca value for greasewood probably results from factors related to porosity and vegetation structure that gives this shrub-type greater momentum extracting potential. The drag coefficients for the greasewood shrubs were found to show dependence upon flow Reynolds numbers >6 x l0 s, corresponding to wind speeds greater than 18 rn s -• at 10 m. The developed greasewood Ca values were used in a shear stress partitioning model that indicated they would be extremely effective at reducing windgenerated sediment transport at low-percent coverage. The purpose of this paper is to present drag coefficients derived from direct measurements of wind force on greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus), a desert shrub that is widely distributed in the Great Basin region of the United States. Because greasewood grows well in saline and alkaline soils it is a candidate for wind erosion control on playa surfaces (e.g., Owens Lake, California). The shrubs were tested in a dormant (leafless) state because most wind erosion events occur in late winter and early spring in this part of the Great Basin desert. It is during this period that the shrubs would exert critical influence on the wind erosion potential of a surface. The force 24,871

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field determination of drag forces and shear stress partitioning effects for a desert shrub (Sarcobatus vermiculatus, greasewood)

Gillies¹,

Lancaster²,

Nickling³

et al. 2000

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…The blown sand impact count as an index of the aeolian flux was measured at a height of 0.04 m above the ground (z = 0.04 m) using a ceramic sand flux sensor UD-101. The sensor counts piezoelectric signals generated by collisions between blown sand grains and the sensor surface, using the same principle of acoustic impact detection as the Sensit (Stockton and Gillette 1990) and Safires (Baas 2004). Significant difference between the UD-101 and the others is that the UD-101 is unidirectional while both the Sensit and Safires are omnidirectional.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the 1990s, high-frequency sampling instrumentation such as erodible mass sensors and high temporal resolution sediment traps have been employed to detect aeolian sand at frequencies of 1 Hz or greater, which has improved our understanding of the saltation systems in unsteady winds (Stockton and Gillette 1990;Jackson 1996;Stout and Zobeck 1997;Butterfield 1998;Davidson-Arnott et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Measurement of Aeolian Sand Flux Using Ceramic Sand Flux Sensor Ud-101 at a Sand Dune

Udo

Junaidi

Aoki

et al. 2011

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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This study conducted field observations in terms of the number of blown sand impacts and wind velocity at an open ocean beach in Japan, in order to investigate characteristics of Charnock constant and aeolian sand transport flux over a sand dune slope. The number of blown-sand impacts was measured by aeolian sand flux sensor UD-101. As a result of the wind data analysis, the Charnock constant of a roughness length equation had a larger value over the slope compared to over a flat. Furthermore, as a result of the blown sand impact analysis, the aeolian flux over the slope tended to be larger than that over the flat. These fundamental findings in the field will become a great help for further investigation of the aeolian sand transport mechanisms.

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“…With the advance of sand fixation, large areas of sandy grassland mainly with psammophyte shrubs have been established in Mu Us sandy land based on their roles in reducing wind speed and soil erosion and improving ecological environments [6]. Since psammophyte shrubs have high biomass production [7] and also have been widely used as feedstuffs [8], they can play an important role in the nutrition of grazing animals during a withered season and a droughty year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of five forage shrubs in Mu Us sandland, China

Xu¹,

Xu²,

Ma³

et al. 2012

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Chemical compositions during different growing periods, preference and in vitro digestibility at the post-fruiting period of five psammophyte shrubs, which include Caragana intermedia, Caragana korshinskii, Hedysarum scoparium, Hedysarum laeve, Salix psammophylla were determined. The nutritive values were synthetically evaluated in terms of chemical composition, preference and in vitro digestibility through fuzzy multifactorial model. The crude protein (CP) concentrations of the five shrubs had the tendency to decrease with growing stage, the peak values of C. intermedia, C. korshinskii and S. psammophylla appeared at blooming period and those of H. scoparium and H. laeve appeared at vegetative period. The neutral-detergent fiber (NDF), acid-detergent fiber (ADF) and lignin concentrations of C. intermedia, C. korshinskii and S. psammophylla were all decreased before post-fruiting period and then increased significantly; while the variation tendency of those of H. scoparium and H. leave were alike, and the lowest NDF, ADF and lignin concentrations were at vegetative period or post-fruiting period. The five shrubs can be used as feedstuffs, the synthetical nutritive value at the post-fruiting period were high in order of C. intermedia, H. scoparium, H. laeve, C. korshinskii and S. psammophylla. Considering the characteristics of growth and nutritive value, the optimum time to use these shrubs as feedstuffs is the post-fruiting period in autumn. Among the five shrubs, C. intermedia is the best as feedstuff for raising the production of livestock.

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Field measurement of the sheltering effect of vegetation on erodible land surfaces

Cited by 173 publications

References 11 publications

Field determination of drag forces and shear stress partitioning effects for a desert shrub (Sarcobatus vermiculatus, greasewood)

Field determination of drag forces and shear stress partitioning effects for a desert shrub (Sarcobatus vermiculatus, greasewood)

Field Measurement of Aeolian Sand Flux Using Ceramic Sand Flux Sensor Ud-101 at a Sand Dune

Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of five forage shrubs in Mu Us sandland, China

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