Field measurement in vegetable crops indicates need for reevaluation of on-farm food loss estimates in North America

Johnson, Loch K.; Dunning, Rebecca; Gunter, Chris; Bloom, J. Dara; Boyette, Michael D.; Creamer, Nancy G.

doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2018.09.008

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This firm size affects the company's decision-making in obtaining both internal and external funding sources. Agricultural sector companies can expand their business to higher value food crops, such as vegetables and fruits (Johnson et al, 2018). Besides, diversifying agriculture with a combination of aquaculture or animal husbandry.…”

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confidence: 99%

Panel Method in Hedging: Evidence from The Indonesian Agricultural Sector

Mubarok

Utami

2020

jda

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Hedging is a derivative instrument in the form of actions used to minimize risks due to fluctuations in foreign currencies, interest rates, and commodity prices. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence hedging in agricultural sector companies using the panel data method in the form of quarterly from 7 companies from 2013 to 2019. The study results show growth opportunity, financial distress, debt, leverage, firm size, liquidity, profitability, and dividend payout ratio significantly influence the use of hedging. This study's results indicate that agricultural sector companies as a whole use hedging to protect against future risk exposures. Besides, it is necessary to know the factors that influence making decisions using hedging. This study recommends that companies increase export productivity balanced with appropriate hedging policies to improve company performance.

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confidence: 99%

Panel Method in Hedging: Evidence from The Indonesian Agricultural Sector

Mubarok

Utami

2020

jda

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“…These effects are heterogeneous across the distribution for the weight of food loss.Research has also examined the extent of food losses at different stages of the food supply chain. At the farm production level, food losses range from 20 to 40 percent for meat, dairy, cereal, and vegetable products [15][16][17]. These production losses occur when agricultural shocks such as weather conditions prevent crops from being harvested, or when produce is "graded out" based on quality [16].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This paper provides the first estimates of food loss at wholesale markets using evidence from the largest fruit and vegetable wholesale market in Taiwan.Second, we examine the heterogeneity of food loss in fruit and vegetable wholesale markets and their distributional determinants. The vast majority of papers examining FLW in the food supply chain exclusively consider one category of crops, such as vegetables, cereals, or maize [16][17][18][19]. We separately estimate the determinants of FLW for different types of vegetable products and fruits, respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, we identify the determinants for small, medium, and large amounts of food loss. Much of the literature only studies the mean amount of food loss in the supply chain [16][17][18][19]. We leverage our rich dataset on individual fruit and vegetable transactions to determine how different amounts of food loss are attributable to varying factors while comparing between the magnitude of these effects.…”

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What Is Missing in Food Loss and Waste Analyses? A Close Look at Fruit and Vegetable Wholesale Markets

2019

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Food loss and waste (FLW) has been the subject of significant research, with recent empirical evidence analyzing the determinants of FLW in many different countries. Much of this literature examines FLW at the farm, food processing, and consumer level. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study thus far has addressed this issue at food wholesale markets. This paper fills this knowledge gap by examining food loss at fruit and vegetable wholesale markets. Using a dataset with individual auction transactions from Taiwan, we examine the extent to which average daily market prices, product quality, and disaster shocks are associated with food loss. Results point to a negative effect of daily market prices on food loss. Furthermore, disaster shocks can lead to greater food loss, particularly typhoons. These effects are heterogeneous across the distribution for the weight of food loss.Research has also examined the extent of food losses at different stages of the food supply chain. At the farm production level, food losses range from 20 to 40 percent for meat, dairy, cereal, and vegetable products [15][16][17]. These production losses occur when agricultural shocks such as weather conditions prevent crops from being harvested, or when produce is "graded out" based on quality [16]. Other literature has examined post-harvest losses of crops such as maize and sweet potato due to poor management skills and market mismatches [18,19].However, despite this extensive research, no studies have been done on FLW at wholesale markets. There are two primary reasons to believe that FLW can be a severe problem at this stage in the food supply chain. First, many wholesale markets are unplanned urban spaces with no special facilities. Thus, these markets often lack even a single refrigeration unit for their products, particularly cold storage systems that can preserve and store goods for extended periods. Second, the auction system that typically governs wholesale markets can also generate FLW. Since consumers bid on both the quality and quantity of items, this means that products can be left unsold. Wholesale markets facilitate FLW because they have the unique cost of clearing their inventory of perishable products at the end of the business day. This clearance is done to ensure that there is adequate space for the following day's auction items.This paper quantifies the determinants and extent of food loss for wholesale markets using a case study in Taiwan as an illustration. Using a large-scale dataset of individual transactions from a fruit and vegetable wholesale market, we estimate the weight of food loss using the ordinary least squares and quantile regression models. Results show that average market prices are negatively associated with the weight of fruit and vegetable food loss. Compared to high-quality grades of fresh fruits and vegetables, low-quality products are less likely to be sold within the auction market. Regarding the sourcing of agricultural products, we find that fresh fruits and vegetables provided by farmer'...

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“…harvest is complete. The intense requirements of data collection are reflected in the small sample size forJohnson et al (2018b): each of eight crops studied was sampled on only two to four farms.…”

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A Century of Profligacy? The Measurement and Evolution of Food Waste

Bovay¹,

Zhang²

2019

Agric. Resour. Econom. Rev.

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Food waste has been recognized as an economic issue for at least a century and is gaining tremendous traction in academia as well as in discourse about public policy. The goal of our study is to examine the evolution of food waste over the last several decades at the United States and global levels. We first review the methodologies that have been used to estimate the magnitude of food waste so that the quality of the data can be evaluated. Though with limitations, existing data generally show that for many regions of the world, including the United States, pre-consumer food loss and waste as a share of total supply has been stable in recent decades. However, the aggregate share wasted masks important changes over time. We provide some evidence that food waste has shifted downstream in recent decades, i.e., from producers and processors to retailers and consumers. Through a reflection on the trends in major socioeconomic factors, we hypothesize that this downstream shift has been driven by increases in household incomes, improvements in technology, and changes in culture and institutions.

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Field measurement in vegetable crops indicates need for reevaluation of on-farm food loss estimates in North America

Cited by 47 publications

References 22 publications

Panel Method in Hedging: Evidence from The Indonesian Agricultural Sector

Panel Method in Hedging: Evidence from The Indonesian Agricultural Sector

What Is Missing in Food Loss and Waste Analyses? A Close Look at Fruit and Vegetable Wholesale Markets

A Century of Profligacy? The Measurement and Evolution of Food Waste

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