Field investigations of bacterial contaminants and their effects on extended porcine semen

Althouse, Gary C.; Kuster, Christopher E.; Clark, Susan F.; Weisiger, Rita M.

doi:10.1016/s0093-691x(00)00261-2

Cited by 159 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

147

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The results confirm that bacterial contamination led to the decline in motility, pH acidification and acrosome abnormalities as reported by several authors (KUSTER; ALTHOUSE, 1997;ALTHOUSE et al, 2000;ALTHOUSE;LU, 2005;ALTHOUSE, 2008;ALTHOUSE et al, 2008;GALL, 2008). The reduction in total and progressive motility after 108 h of storage in the group with higher levels of contamination in the extender confirms that the effects of bacterial contamination on the quality of semen doses were not observed immediately, but required at least 36 to 48 h of storage for agglutination and motility reduction to be evident (ALTHOUSE et al, 2000). This time is necessary because these changes are dependent on the bacterial adherence to spermatozoa (MONGA; ROBERTS, 1994;DIEMER et al, 1996).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Semen doses with a high bacterial contamination tend to show sperm agglutination and reduced motility and viability, which contribute to return to estrus, vulvar discharge after insemination and reduced reproductive performance of the herd (ALTHOUSE et al, 2000). The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the degree of bacterial contamination of raw boar semen and extender on the quality of semen doses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The impact of bacterial contamination of the ejaculate and extender on the quality of swine semen doses

Goldberg

Cardoso

Bernardi

et al. 2017

SCA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to verify the influence of the degree of bacterial contamination of boar ejaculate and semen extender on the quality of semen doses. The experiment was conducted in four boar studs, from which raw semen and two semen doses from each ejaculate were collected to evaluate the number of colony-forming units (CFU), pH, sperm morphology and motility. Extender samples were also evaluated for CFU. Ejaculates that had higher levels of contamination (> 220 CFU mL -1 ) resulted in semen doses with a greater degree of bacterial contamination but with no reduction in motility or alteration in pH. When the semen doses were classified according to the degree of contamination of the extender, a decrease in motility was observed after 108 and 168 h of storage (P < 0.05) in the group whose extender had ≥14,000 CFU mL -1 versus the group whose extender had ≤ 330 CFU mL -1 . The pH remained stable during 168 h of storage in semen doses with extender that had lower contamination levels, but decreased from 7.2 to 6.0 between 24 and 168 h of storage (P < 0.05) in the group with extender that had higher levels of contamination. A higher number of abnormal acrosomes (P < 0.05) was observed after 168 h of storage in the semen doses whose extender was highly contaminated. The production of semen doses with low bacterial contamination and high sperm cell viability will only be possible with a strict hygienic control in semen processing, primarily with respect to the extender, combined with minimal contamination during collection. Key words: Boar. Coliforms. Ejaculate contamination. Total mesophiles. ResumoO objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a influência do grau de contaminação bacteriana do ejaculado do macho suíno e do diluente na qualidade das doses inseminantes. O estudo foi conduzido em quatro centrais de inseminação, onde foram colhidas amostras de sêmen fresco e duas doses inseminantes produzidas a partir de cada uma das referidas amostras de sêmen. As amostras foram avaliadas quanto ao número de Unidades Formadoras de Colônia (UFC) de bactérias mesófilas totais e coliformes, pH, morfologia espermática e motilidade. de acordo com a contaminação do diluente, um decréscimo na motilidade foi observado após 108 e 168 horas de armazenamento (P < 0,05) no grupo em que o diluente apresentava ≥14.000 UFC mL -1 se comparado com o observado no grupo cujo diluente apresentava ≤330 UFC mL -1 . O pH permaneceu estável durante as 168 h de armazenamento em doses inseminantes que apresentavam diluentes com menor nível de contaminação, mas diminuiu de 7,2 para 6,0 entre 24 e 168 h de armazenamento (P < 0,05), no grupo com diluente que apresentava o maior nível de contaminação. Um número maior de acrossomas anormais (P < 0,05) foi observado após 168 h de armazenamento em doses inseminantes cujo diluente era altamente contaminado. A produção de doses inseminantes com baixa contaminação bacteriana e alta viabilidade de células espermáticas só é possível com um estrito controle de higiene durante o processamento do sê...

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of bacterial contamination of the ejaculate and extender on the quality of swine semen doses

Goldberg

Cardoso

Bernardi

et al. 2017

SCA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A list of the bacteria found in freshly collected, undiluted boar ejaculates, is summarized by Althouse and Lu [3]. Most are nonpathogenic, but they can have spermicidal effects, especially if present in high concentrations [4]. Bacteria can also be present in extended semen, and they may negatively influence the quality and longevity of the semen.…”

Section: Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preputial fluids, which can contain high numbers of microbes, should be evacuated prior to exteriorization of the penis for semen collection. A detailed list of measures that can be taken to minimize the risk of contamination are reported by Althouse et al [4]. To reduce the unavoidable presence of bacteria in the ejaculate and to prolong in vitro longevity of sperm, preservative levels of antimicrobials are an essential constituent of any semen extender.…”

Section: Preventive Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diseases in swine transmitted by artificial insemination: An overview

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Artificial insemination (AI) of swine is widely practiced in countries with an intensive pig production. It is a very useful tool to introduce superior genes into sow herds, with minimal risk for disease transmission. However, the impact of semen that is contaminated with pathogens can be enormous. Most of the micro-organisms that have been detected in boar semen are considered non-pathogenic, but some are known pathogens (e.g. porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus) that can cause major economic losses. Microbial contamination of semen can be due to systemic and/or urogenital tract infections of the boar, or can occur during collection, processing and storage. It can result in reduced semen quality, embryonic or fetal death, endometritis and systemic infection and/or disease in the recipient female. Conventional techniques for isolation of bacteria and viruses from the semen do not always provide optimal results for various reasons, including lack of sensitivity and speed of testing, and difficult interpretation of the outcome. More recently, PCR tests are commonly used; they have a high sensitivity, the outcome is quickly obtained, and they are suitable for monitoring a large number of samples. The best strategy to prevent AI-transmitted diseases is to use boars that are free of specific pathogens, to monitor the animals and semen regularly, and to maintain very high biosecurity. Additional measures should be directed at treating semen with appropriate antimicrobials, and at reducing contamination during semen collection, processing, and storage. #

show abstract

“…No entanto, nem todos os gêneros isolados e testados nesse experimento (tabela 5) mostraram-se sensíveis ao uso desses antibióticos o que pode ser considerado um problema na obtenção de doses inseminantes livres de contaminação bacteriana. Althouse et al (2000) demonstraram resultados de resistência da maioria das bactérias isoladas nas doses inseminantes em relação à gentamicina. Dessa forma, a decisão de troca do antibiótico, especialmente frente a problemas no controle da proliferação bacteriana, deve ser muito criteriosa, pois o número de produtos que atendem às características citadas é limitado.…”

Section: Todas As Centrais De Inseminaçãounclassified

Influência Da Contaminação Bacteriana Sobre Os Parâmetros Espermáticos De Suínos E Perfil De Resistência Dos Agentes Isolados

Batista

Ramos

Wildemann

et al. 2012

AVS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMO:A Inseminação Artificial é uma biotécnica da reprodução estabelecida e aplicada na suinocultura cujo objetivo é a maximização do uso dos ejaculados, mantendo e melhorando a eficiência reprodutiva. Entretanto, quando há contaminação bacteriana no sêmen, pode haver comprometimento da viabilidade espermática. O objetivo deste trabalho foi pesquisar a contaminação bacteriana em ejaculados colhidos em centrais de inseminação artificial e relacionar com as características quantitativas e qualitativas dos ejaculados, além de testar a sensibilidade dos agentes isolados frente a diferentes antibióticos. Foi coletado sêmen suíno de três centrais de inseminação artificial em Santa Catarina. Essas amostras foram submetidas à análise microbiológica, onde foi realizado o isolamento, identificação, contagem bacteriana além dos antibiogramas. Estas amostras foram também avaliadas quanto à motilidade, vigor, aglutinação e concentração. Para esta avaliação foram utilizados dados fornecidos pela empresa. Foram realizados esfregaços das amostras de sêmen e corados com eosina-negrosina para a avaliação da morfologia espermática. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância utilizando-se o procedimento GLM do pacote estatístico SAS. Houve isolamento de 17 diferentes gêneros bacterianos, entre os quais os mais frequentes foram Staphylococcus sp. Proteus sp. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., porém não houve uma correlação significativa (P>0,05) quando comparado o número de unidade formadora de colônia /mL do sêmen com motilidade, concentração e alterações morfológicas. Foi encontrado um efeito isolado do gênero Staphylococcus sp. P(<0,05) provocando uma diminuição na motilidade dos espermatozóides. A maioria dos agentes bacterianos mostrou-se resistentes aos antibióticos testados. Palavras-chave: antibiograma; bactérias; cachaço; sêmen INFLUENCE OF BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION IN PIG SPERM PARAMETERS AND RESISTANCE PROFILE OF ISOLATED AGENTS ABSTRACT:Artificial insemination is an established biotech and applied reproduction in pigs whose objective is to maximize the use of ejaculated, maintaining and improving reproductive efficiency. However, when there is bacterial contamination in semen, may be impaired for sperm viability. The aims of this study was to investigate the bacterial contamination in semen collected in artificial insemination centers and related to quantitative and qualitative qualities, and test the sensitivities of the isolates against different antibiotics. Boar semen was collected three artificial insemination centers in Santa Catarina. These samples were submitted to microbiological analysis, where we performed the isolation, identification, bacterial count beyond antibiograms. These samples were also evaluated for motility, vigor, concentration and agglutination. For this evaluation we used data provided by the company. Smears were prepared from semen samples and stained with eosinnegrosina for the evaluation of sperm morphology. The data were subjected to analysis of variance using the GLM procedure of SAS ...

show abstract

Field investigations of bacterial contaminants and their effects on extended porcine semen

Cited by 159 publications

References 12 publications

The impact of bacterial contamination of the ejaculate and extender on the quality of swine semen doses

The impact of bacterial contamination of the ejaculate and extender on the quality of swine semen doses

Diseases in swine transmitted by artificial insemination: An overview

Influência Da Contaminação Bacteriana Sobre Os Parâmetros Espermáticos De Suínos E Perfil De Resistência Dos Agentes Isolados

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About