Field Investigation on Cystic Hydatid Infection in Man and Camel in Tambool Town and Khartoum State Hospitals, Sudan

Abstract

Echinococcosis/hydatidosis is a zoonotic disease. The disease is caused by adult worms and larval (metacestode) stages of the taeniid cestode Echinococcus granulosus. The life cycle is completed into two hosts. The final host usually carnivore e.g. dog, and the intermediate host usually herbivorous and man. The aim of this study is to evaluate the fertility of cysts and viability of protoscoleces in man and camel hydatid cysts in order to determine the prevalence of their fertility and to study the association with variables typical of host and of the parasite. Material and methods:Across-sectional and observations study was done in biological material (the fluid from human and camel hepatic and lung hydatid cysts). The viability criteria used were ovoid form invaginated scolices and intact calcareous corpuscles. The presence of vibrating movements, and the absence of "vital" staining, the cysts were grouped in diameter cysts from small cysts to very large size of cysts. Descriptive statistics were for the calculation of the prevalence of fertility, analytical statistics for comparison of groups, and multivariate analysis for examination of the association between cyst fertility and clinical variables. Results:A total of 99 cysts with less than 2 cm 5 (7.8%), from 2-6 cm 52 (81.2%,) medium diameter 6-10 cm 37 (57.8%), and more than 10 cm 5 (7.8), and prevalence of general fertility 68%, sterial cysts was 6%, supporative was 10% and calcified was 15%. Most of camel fertile cysts had medium size (81.2%), while the lowest rate belongs to the small cysts (7.8%). There was significant relationship between fertility of the cyst, type of infected organs, type of animals and size of cyst. Association with location, type, and diameter of the cyst, the viability Protoscoleces was assessed by microscopic observation of biological feature represented by muscular movements, flame cell activity in 0.1% aqueous eosin stain. Conclusion:The differences between prevalence rates, the fertility of hydatid cysts and diversity sites localization observed in humans and camels. Fertility is associated with the type of cyst, location type, type of animal and size of cyst.