Field Infection of<i>Zonocerus variegatus</i>following application of an oil‐based formulation of<i>Metarhizium flavoviride</i>conidia

Lomer, C. J.; Bateman, Roy; Godonou, I.; Kpindou, Douro; Shah, P. A.; Paraïso, Armand; Prior, C.

doi:10.1080/09583159309355288

Cited by 79 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Since direct targeting of thrips can be diYcult, eYcacy of contact control agents such as fungal pathogens may be dependent upon the capacity of the target pest to acquire a lethal dose of infectious propagules (conidia) from treated surfaces of the host plant. Secondary acquisition of Metarhizium and Beauveria conidia from treated foliage has been established as an important mode of inoculation for many locust and grasshopper species (Inglis et al, 1996;Jenkins and Thomas, 1996;Langewald et al, 1997;Lomer et al, 1993), and there are numerous other examples of secondary acquisition playing an important or potentially important role in fungal eYcacy (Fernandez et al, 2001;Roditakis et al, 2000;Ugine, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Acquisition of lethal doses of Beauveria bassiana conidia by western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, exposed to foliar spray residues of formulated and unformulated conidia

Ugine

Wraight

Sanderson

2005

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Acquisition of lethal doses of Beauveria bassiana conidia by western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, exposed to foliar spray residues of formulated and unformulated conidia

Ugine

Wraight

Sanderson

2005

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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“…In the present study, the addition of water to the Celite containing treatment presumably hindered the action of M. anisopliae spores against tick larvae. Also, oils have been proposed as useful carriers to suspend conidia for the control of insect pests (Prior et al, 1988;Lomer et al, 1992;Bateman et al, 1993) and tick control (Maranga et al, 2005). A Citroline-conidia formulation of M. anisopliae has been successfully used in Mexico for the control of the Central American locust, Schistocerca piceifrons Walker (Orthoptera: Acrididae), promoting up to 99% decline in field bands, 13 days after field application (Hernández-Velázquez et al, 2003).…”

Section: Treatementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conidial formulations tested so far are water based containing a small amount of dispersing agent (Samish et al, 2004a,b) but there is evidence that oil-based formulations have been successful against several insect pests (Prior et al, 1988;Lomer et al, 1992;Bateman et al, 1993). Consequently, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of a variety of fungal formulations on tick mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence of Mexican isolates of entomopathogenic fungi (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) upon Rhipicephalus=Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) larvae and the efficacy of conidia formulations to reduce larval tick density under field conditions

Ángel-Sahagún

Lezama-Gutiérrez

Molina-Ochoa

et al. 2010

Veterinary Parasitology

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Skoda, S. R.; Cruz-Vázquez, C.; Lorenzoni, A. G.; Galindo-Velasco, E.; Fragoso-Sánchez, H.; and Foster, John E., "Virulence of Mexican isolates of entomopathogenic fungi (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) upon Rhipicephalus = Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) larvae and the efficacy of conidia formulations to reduce larval tick density under field conditions" (2010 a b s t r a c tThe first objective was laboratory evaluation of the virulence of 53 Mexican isolates of fungi against larvae of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Thirty-three isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (Metschnickoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) and 20 isolates of Isaria (Paecilomyces) fumosorosea (fumosoroseus) (Wize) (Eurotiales: Trichomaceae) were tested on 7-day-old larvae under laboratory conditions. Larvae were immersed in a suspension containing 10 8 conidia/mL and the CL 50 values were estimated. Then, field tests were conducted to determine the efficacy of formulations of the isolate with the highest virulence. M. anisopliae (Ma 14 isolate) was formulated with four carriers: Tween, Celite, wheat bran, and Citroline (mineral oil) and applied on pasture beds of Cynodon plectostachyus (L.), at a dose of 2 × 10 9 CFU/m 2 . In the first trial, M. anisopliae was applied on plots naturally infested with larvae; in the second trial, tick populations in the experimental plots were eliminated and then re-infested with 20,000 * Corresponding authors. This document is a U.S. government work and is not subject to copyright in the United States. 7-day-old larvae. In the laboratory, all M. anisopliae isolates infected larvae with a mortality range between 2 and 100%; also, 13 of 20 I. fumosorosea isolates caused mortality rates between 7 and 94%. In the first field trial, 14 days post-application, conidial formulations in Celite and wheat bran caused 67.8 and 94.2% population reduction, respectively. In the second trial, the Tween formulation caused the highest larval reduction, reaching up to 61% (28 days post-application). Wheat bran formulation caused 58.3% larval reduction (21 days post-application) and was one of the most effective. The carriers and emulsifiers have a large impact on the effectiveness of conidial formulations.

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“…Special attributes such as cheap mass production, storage of preparations for long periods under tropical conditions and the efficacy of formulations 152 D. Stephan et al which allow a controlled droplet application at ultra low volume (UL V) rates evoked great interest (Kleespies and Zimmermann 1994;Lomer et al 1993;Stathers et al 1993). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locust control with Metarhizium flavoviride: New approaches in the development of a biopreparation based on blastospores

Stephan¹,

Welling²,

Zimmermann³

1997

New Strategies in Locust Control

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Summary. In order to develop a dry and stable biopreparation of blastospores of Metarhizium Jlavoviride, a special spray-drying technique was used which did not reduce the viability of blastospores (germination rate 91 %). In bioassays against Locusta migratoria (L3), the efficacy of spray-dried blastospores was comparable to freshly produced blastospores (mortality> 90%), although the time to kill 50% of the nymphs was slightly extended. For long-term storage, spray-dried blastospores were incubated at different constant temperatures between 5 and 50°C under dry and oxygen-reduced conditions. After 52 weeks of storage at 5, 20 and 30°C, the germination rate was 73.1, 68.0 and 38.3%, respectively. Storage at 40 and 50°C for about eight and two weeks, respectively, resulted in a loss of viability of 50%. In Mauritania, different formulations of spray-dried blastospores were tested in semi-field trials against larvae of Schistocerca gregaria using an ultra low volume (UL V) application technique. Spray-dried blastospores were highly infective in a water-based formulation, an oiVwater emulsion and an oil formulation. The highest mortality of nearly 100% after 15 days was observed with the water-based formulation (20% molasses, 80% water). The investigations were carried out within the framework of the Deutsche Gesellschaft flir Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) project "Integrated Biological Control of Grasshoppers and Locusts".

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Field Infection ofZonocerus variegatusfollowing application of an oil‐based formulation ofMetarhizium flavovirideconidia

Cited by 79 publications

References 6 publications

Acquisition of lethal doses of Beauveria bassiana conidia by western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, exposed to foliar spray residues of formulated and unformulated conidia

Acquisition of lethal doses of Beauveria bassiana conidia by western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, exposed to foliar spray residues of formulated and unformulated conidia

Virulence of Mexican isolates of entomopathogenic fungi (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) upon Rhipicephalus=Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) larvae and the efficacy of conidia formulations to reduce larval tick density under field conditions

Locust control with Metarhizium flavoviride: New approaches in the development of a biopreparation based on blastospores

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