Field Experiments on the Effects of Grazing by a Chrysomelid Beetle (Gastrophysa Viridula) on Seed Production and Quality in Rumex Obtusifolius and Rumex Crispus

Bentley, S.; Whittaker, J. B.; Malloch, A. J. C.

doi:10.2307/2259428

Cited by 84 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In greenhouse experiments, the chrysomelid Gastrophysa viridula caused significant damage to the polygonaceous biennials Rumex crispus and R. obtusifolius (Bentley and Whittaker 1979). Even at low densities, the beetle decreased seed number or seed dry mass, or both, for the two species in the field (Bentley et al 1980). A subsequent field test also indicated that grazing influenced both plant performance and plant occurrence (Whittaker 1982), as seen here; however, the effect of herbivory on leaf dynamics was not examined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Herbivore Effect on Stature, Fruiting, and Leaf Dynamics of a Native Crucifer

Louda¹

1984

Ecology

114

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Abstract. The impact of a native, leaf-feeding chrysomelid beetle (Phaedon sp. nr. oviformis) on bittercress (Cardamine cordifolia: Cruciferae), was evaluated in an exclusion experiment. Multivariate statistical analysis showed a significant increase in plant performance in the rotenone exclusion compared to performance in the paired control treatment. Plant response to the reduction of herbivory was a complicated, interrelated syndrome of changes. When insects were excluded, the amount of missing leaf area decreased significantly (3.6-fold; 3.2-0.9 cm2 per plant), and the total leaf area increased 5.7-fold (12.9-73.4 cm2 per plant). Plant height (5.7-20.3 cm) and fruit production (0.1-3.9 siliques per plant) also increased significantly when the number of insects was reduced. Furthermore, the 570% expansion in leaf area due to the exclusion of insects involved significant increases both in the initiation of new leaves and in the survival of mature leaves. Nevertheless, insect herbivory at a level well below complete defoliation (25% of the leaf area) changed leaf demography (both phenology and dynamics) and reduced plant performance by decreasing the plant stature, leaf area, and fruit production of this native forb. Thus, further experimental assessment is necessary before generalizations can be made regarding the effects of herbivory on plant dynamics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Herbivore Effect on Stature, Fruiting, and Leaf Dynamics of a Native Crucifer

Louda¹

1984

Ecology

114

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“…It is a moot point whether such a small difference in folivory would be enough to significantly affect community functioning (Whittaker and Warrington 1985). It is lower than the order of 7-10% that has been found to relate to statistically significant differences in growth rate of the host plants (Bentley et al 1980;Whittaker and Warrington 1985;Coley and Barone 1996). Across a longer north-south distance, it is possible that the latitudinal difference in absolute area lost from folivory would be greater, if equivalent deciduous broadleaved forest types were to be compared.…”

Section: Folivory Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does insect folivory vary with latitude among temperate deciduous forests?

Zhang

Adams

Zhao

2010

Ecological Research

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There is a widespread belief that warmer climate forests suffer more folivory, as a proportion of leaf area, than cooler climate forests. However, there is a need for closely standardized studies to test this assumption. In this study, we estimated total folivory as percentage area damaged in freshly fallen, undecayed autumn leaves from the forest floor during the lifetime of deciduous tree leaves, using scanner-linked software. Over a period of 2 years, 154 samples were taken at 96 forested localities in eastern North America, spanning 17°of latitude. In terms of percentage area damage per leaf, the results in both years sampled suggest that there is significantly more damage in warmer, lower latitude areas of eastern North America. The decreasing folivory rate is higher in northern than in southern regions. The observations of a latitudinal trend may suggest that 'biotic' interaction is indeed more important in warmer temperate climates compared to cool temperate climates.

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“…Even the seedlings established few weeks before the herbivory, of which 90% leaf area was removed, were able to recover (Hatcher 1996). However, size, root to shoot ratio (Pearson andBrooks 1996, Hatcher 1996), and seed production and quality (Bentley et al 1980) of regrown plants are influenced. Negative effects of herbivory are exaggerated in plants exposed to interspecific Table 6.…”

Section: G Viridula In Dock Biocontrolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrophysa viridula (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and biocontrol of Rumex - a review

Martinková¹,

Honěk²

2004

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Gastrophysa viridula (DeGeer) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is an oligophagous herbivore which prefers consuming leaves of dock (Rumex spp.) species. Because of its feeding specialization this leaf beetle species is considered a potential biocontrol agent of dock plants. This paper reviews geographic distribution, development, life history, herbivory, and natural enemies of this species. Its potential use as a biocontrol agent will be then evaluated. G. viridula is an important part of the complex of Rumex natural enemies. Its herbivory decreases vigour of Rumex plants but cannot cause their mortality alone. The effect of herbivory is enhanced by other biocontrol agents, particularly the rust Uromyces rumicis (Schum.) (Pucciniaceae). Combined effects of G. viridula and other biocontrol agents increase Rumex mortality and thus contribute to its natural control. A�empts at using G. viridula in control of Reynoutria spp. were still unsuccessful. G. viridula may also become a pest of several Polygonaceae crops.

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Field Experiments on the Effects of Grazing by a Chrysomelid Beetle (Gastrophysa Viridula) on Seed Production and Quality in Rumex Obtusifolius and Rumex Crispus

Cited by 84 publications

References 3 publications

Herbivore Effect on Stature, Fruiting, and Leaf Dynamics of a Native Crucifer

Herbivore Effect on Stature, Fruiting, and Leaf Dynamics of a Native Crucifer

Does insect folivory vary with latitude among temperate deciduous forests?

Gastrophysa viridula (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and biocontrol of Rumex - a review

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