Field Evaluations of Systemic Insecticides for Control of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in China

Abstract

Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), a pest native to China and Korea, was discovered in North America in 1996. Currently, the only reliable strategy available for eradication and control is to cut and chip all infested trees. We evaluated various doses of the systemic insecticides azadirachtin, emamectin benzoate, imidacloprid, and thiacloprid for control of A. glabripennis in naturally infested elms (Ulmus spp.), poplars (Populus spp.), and willows (Salix spp. ) in China between 2000 and 2002. Significantly more dead A. glabripennis adults were found beneath elm and poplar trees treated with imidacloprid (in 2000 and 2001) or thiacloprid (in 2001) and beneath willow trees injected with imidacloprid or thiacloprid (in 2002) compared with control trees. In 2000, 4 mo after injection, the density of live A. glabripennis was significantly reduced in poplar trees treated with imidacloprid (90%) and in willow trees treated with imidacloprid (83%) or emamectin benzoate (71%) compared with controls. In 2001, 9 mo after injection, the density of live A. glabripennis was significantly reduced in poplar (76%) and willow (45%) trees treated with imidacloprid compared with control trees. Similarly, percentage mortality of all life stages of A. glabripennis feeding within trees was significantly higher on poplar trees 4 mo after injection with imidacloprid (64%) in 2000 and on elms (55%) and poplars (63%) 9 mo after injection with imidacloprid in 2001 compared with control trees. Imidacloprid residue levels in leaves and twigs collected at various times from 1 d to 9 mo after injection ranged from 0.27 to 0.46 ppm. Injecting A. glabripennis-infested trees with imidacloprid can result in significant mortality of adults during maturation feeding on leaves and twigs and of all life stages feeding within infested trees. Imidacloprid is translocated rapidly in infested trees and is persistent at lethal levels for several months. Although, injection with imidacloprid does not provide complete control of A. glabripennis, systemic insecticides may prove useful as part of an integrated eradication or management program.

Interactions between imidacloprid and Metarhizium brunneum on adult Asian longhorned beetles (Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky)) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

“…P. nigra trees in China. Poland et al (2006b) reported 1-2 ppm in the leaves and twigs of 9.6 ± 0.2 cm diam. Salix matsudana Koidz trees 1 month postinjection.…”

“…The latter has relied exclusively on the systemic insecticide imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid that can be injected directly into tree trunks or into the soil for uptake into the vascular system via roots (Wang et al, 2005;Poland et al, 2006b). ALB are known to be affected by imidacloprid during their normal feeding on the bark of twigs of imidacloprid-treated trees, although imidacloprid concentrations in bark alone have not been reported (Wang et al, 2005;Poland et al, 2006b). …”

Oviposition preference of Anoplophora glabripennis emerging from five host tree species under field conditions

“…Because of its great economic loss and the threat posed by A. glabripennis, a large number of research projects have focused on this beetle in recent years and great progress has been made in many respects (Zhang et al, 2002(Zhang et al, , 2003Haack, 2003;Luo et al, 2003;Keena 2005Keena , 2006Poland et al, 2006aPoland et al, , 2006b.…”

Assessment of risks and potential of injection techniques in integrated programs to eradicate the red palm weevil: review and new perspectives

“…A large part of the debate on injection is not about the possible harmful consequences M. Ferry and S. Gomez for the health of the treated tree with this technique but about its efficacy and cost [29,31,[60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73].…”