Field evaluation of weed suppression in fine fescue (<i>Festuca</i> spp.)

Breuillin‐Sessoms, Florence; Petrella, Dominic P.; Trappe, Jon M.; Mihelich, Nicole T.; Patton, Aaron J.; Watkins, Eric

doi:10.1002/csc2.20506

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…rubra complex and F . ovina complex have reported differences in the performance among fine fescue taxa, which may be due to differences in local climate, biotic and abiotic stresses, and weed suppression ability (Braun et al., 2020; Breuillin‐Sessoms, Petrella, Trappe et al., 2021; Cortese et al., 2011; Friell et al., 2015; NTEP, 2008, 2014, 2019; Watkins et al., 2014). One reason for performance differences among fine fescue taxa between our experiment sites was that abiotic and biotic stresses varied across sites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there were minimal‐to‐no differences among fine fescue taxa when subjected to waterlogging stress in a controlled environment (Ross Braun & Aaron Patton, unpublished data, 2022), STCRF, SLCRF, and Chewings fescue have consistently shown better summer performance than hard fescue, and at times sheep fescue, in field experiments in Indiana, which often has a warmer and more wet summer season than Minnesota (Braun & Patton, 2022b; Braun et al., 2022). All these climate and stress factors combined with weed suppression differences (Breuillin‐Sessoms, Petrella, Trappe et al., 2021) likely led to the differences in performance among fine fescue taxa. Regardless, except for the older hard fescue cultivar Durar and the first year in Indiana, all fine fescue taxa cultivars performed well and were generally in the third‐highest to highest statistical ranking across both sites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the fertilizer and pesticide input needs of cool‐season turfgrass species

et al. 2023

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Professional turfgrass managers and consumers continue to express interest in low‐input turfgrasses; however, the potential reductions in maintenance inputs from “low‐input” turfgrasses are largely assumed and have not been well‐quantified. Over 3 years, replicated field experiments at Purdue University and the University of Minnesota quantified the performance and the amount of fertilizer and pesticide inputs of cool‐season turfgrass species when managed as variable‐input turfgrass systems. Fifteen turfgrass cultivars including eight cultivars across five taxa of fine fescue (Festuca spp.), two cultivars of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), four cultivars of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), and one perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) cultivar were investigated. Cultivars were selected to represent advances in breeding efforts. Plots received no irrigation after establishment and individual plots only received fertilizer or pesticide inputs from 2019 to 2021 if the turf in the plot exceeded or fell below a set threshold (i.e., too many pests or too low turf density). Monthly data collection and fertilizer and pesticide inputs were recorded for 3 years at each site. New fine fescue taxa cultivars provided consistently higher turf quality at both sites and required an average 56% and 41% fewer fertilizer and pesticide inputs than traditional species (tall fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, and perennial ryegrass) in Indiana and Minnesota, respectively. Compared to traditional species, older Festuca rubra ssp. cultivars reduced fertilizer and pesticide inputs by an average of 37% and 25% in Indiana and Minnesota, respectively. Fine fescue taxa, especially new cultivars, are good choices to reduce inputs and provide high turf quality for low‐input turfgrass systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the fertilizer and pesticide input needs of cool‐season turfgrass species

et al. 2023

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“…rubra taxa than F. ovina , because of the better crabgrass suppression abilities observed in F . rubra taxa (Breuillin‐Sessoms et al., 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, reliance on herbicide use at or after seeding can be challenging or not option, such as in regions with pesticide bans (Bachand & Gue, 2011;Barzman, & Dachbrodt-Saaydeh, 2011;Campbell & Wallace, 2020;Hahn et al, 2020). There may be a greater chance of success when seeding in the spring if the fine fescue seed mixture contains more F. rubra taxa than F. ovina, because of the better crabgrass suppression abilities observed in F. rubra taxa (Breuillin-Sessoms et al, 2021).…”

Section: Visual Turf and Weed Covermentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal fine fescue mixture seeding dates in the northern United States

et al. 2021

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Research is lacking on best establishment practices of fine fescues (Festuca spp.), such as optimal seeding timings, which are well known for other cool-season turfgrasses. Our objective was to document establishment and determine optimal seeding timings for mixed stand of fine fescue in multiple cool-season climate zones in the United States. From 2019 to 2020, an experiment was replicated across four locations in the northern United States to investigate nine monthly fine fescue mixture seeding timings from March through November. Fine fescue seedling emergence typically hastened as temperatures increased during the growing season, and emergence required 6.1-9.4 d when soil temperatures were within a range of 15-25 ˚C. Final grid count data across multiple sites indicated that seeding fine fescues in August, September, and at times, July, will likely produce the best establishment with the lowest weed infestation pressure, and there may be more flexibility in seeding timings in a Mediterranean climate, such as Oregon. Seeding fine fescues in the early-spring or late-autumn can be more unreliable because of greater likelihood of weed infestation, suboptimal growing conditions, and potential of a late-autumn seeding to act as an unintended dormant seeding. Results indicate the weed invasion pressure of specific weeds will vary depending life cycle of weed and seeding time of year. Overall, seeding a fine fescue mixture in August or September will increase likelihood of success in cool-season climate zones in the United States with a wider seeding window when planting in Mediterranean climates.

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“…Because resource competition cannot be completely excluded even under such experimental conditions, Breuillin‐Sessoms et al. (2021) proposed to use the term “weed suppression potential.” Observations on root length are commonly used to quantify interference potential (Bertin et al., 2003; Duke, 2015). Our experiment was conducted to study such a type of plant–plant interference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Festuca sp. interfere with germination and early growth of three weeds

et al. 2023

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Herbicide restrictions require alternative strategies for turfgrass weed control. This growth chamber study investigated the interference of 27 Festuca cultivars selected from five Festuca species using white clover (Trifolium repens L.), lawn daisy (Bellis perennis L.), and yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) as indicator species. At 13 days after sowing (DAS), 20 weed seeds were placed in between 60 grass seeds. Lawn daisy was highly sensitive to the presence of all grasses, and results are not presented. Festuca species or individual cultivars did not affect the germination percentage and mean germination period of white clover and yarrow. The presence of tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort., nom. cons.]) species reduced white clover root length by 71.6% and slender creeping red fescue [Festuca rubra L. ssp. littoralis (G.Mey.) Auquier] by 44.5% at 30 DAS. Within cultivars, reductions of white clover roots ranged from 81.7% (Regenerate) to 24.8% (Cathrine). Root length for yarrow was reduced by an average of 75% with no difference among Festuca species. Cultivar effects ranged from 91.8% for Barcesar to 62.9% for Samanta. For both white clover and yarrow, negative correlations were determined between Festuca biomass and the root length of both weeds: −0.241*** (white clover) and yarrow −0.168* (yarrow). Such a relationship suggests that part of the inhibiting effect can be directly attributed to Festuca biomass. We conclude that differences in interference potential between cultivars within species are as important as differences between species. White clover appeared to be the most discriminative species for growth interference studies with Festuca.

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Field evaluation of weed suppression in fine fescue (Festuca spp.)

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Assessing the fertilizer and pesticide input needs of cool‐season turfgrass species

Assessing the fertilizer and pesticide input needs of cool‐season turfgrass species

Optimal fine fescue mixture seeding dates in the northern United States

Festuca sp. interfere with germination and early growth of three weeds

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