Field evaluation of a Portable Fine Particle Concentrator (PFPC) for ice nucleating particle measurements

Gute, Ellen; Lacher, Larissa; Kanji, Zamin A.; Kohl, Rebecca; Curtius, Joachim; Weber, Daniel; Bingemer, Heinz; Clemen, Hans-Christian; Schneider, Johannes; Gysel, M.; Ferguson, Stephen T.; Abbatt, Jonathan P. D.

doi:10.1080/02786826.2019.1626346

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Similarly, in a review of the state of knowledge on pre-industrial aerosols Carslaw et al (2017) were unable to comprehensively discuss the matter due to a lack of thorough understanding regarding which aerosol components dominate the INP spectra. They argue that the concentrations of INPs, which tend to be large particles, likely have not changed as much as those of smaller particles, which have been found to be significantly altered since the pre-industrial era (Hamilton, 2015;Gordon et al, 2017). Nonetheless, Carslaw et al (2017) acknowledge that potential anthropogenic modifications to INP concentrations or compositions and related impacts on cloud formation, radiation interactions and precipitation processes since the industrialization remain unquantified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term deposition and condensation ice-nucleating particle measurements from four stations across the globe

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Ice particle activation and evolution have important atmospheric implications for cloud formation, initiation of precipitation and radiative interactions. The initial formation of atmospheric ice by heterogeneous ice nucleation requires the presence of a nucleating seed, an ice-nucleating particle (INP), to facilitate its first emergence. Unfortunately, only a few long-term measurements of INPs exist, and as a result, knowledge about geographic and seasonal variations of INP concentrations is sparse. Here we present data from nearly 2 years of INP measurements from four stations in different regions of the world: the Amazon (Brazil), the Caribbean (Martinique), central Europe (Germany) and the Arctic (Svalbard). The sites feature diverse geographical climates and ecosystems that are associated with dissimilar transport patterns, aerosol characteristics and levels of anthropogenic impact (ranging from near pristine to mostly rural). Interestingly, observed INP concentrations, which represent measurements in the deposition and condensation freezing modes, do not differ greatly from site to site but usually fall well within the same order of magnitude. Moreover, short-term variability overwhelms all long-term trends and/or seasonality in the INP concentration at all locations. An analysis of the frequency distributions of INP concentrations suggests that INPs tend to be well mixed and reflective of large-scale air mass movements. No universal physical or chemical parameter could be identified to be a causal link driving INP climatology, highlighting the complex nature of the ice nucleation process. Amazonian INP concentrations were mostly unaffected by the biomass burning season, even though aerosol concentrations increase by a factor of 10 from the wet to dry season. Caribbean INPs were positively correlated to parameters related to transported mineral dust, which is known to increase during the Northern Hemisphere summer. A wind sector analysis revealed the absence of an anthropogenic impact on average INP concentrations at the site in central Europe. Likewise, no Arctic haze influence was observed on INPs at the Arctic site, where low concentrations were generally measured. We consider the collected data to be a unique resource for the community that illustrates some of the challenges and knowledge gaps of the field in general, while specifically highlighting the need for more long-term observations of INPs worldwide.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term deposition and condensation ice-nucleating particle measurements from four stations across the globe

et al. 2020

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“…c Daily average depositional INP derived diameters. The illustrated range is a standard deviation of uncertainty derived from variability in the size dependence of the aerosol concentrator enrichment factor 66 . …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particles were either sampled directly from the WAI or from an aerosol concentrator 66 . The particle enrichment factor is size dependent, ranging from 1 (no concentration enhancement) to 25 for particle diameters between 50 nm and 1 µm, respectively 66 . Because INP size can vary depending on source, an INP-specific enhancement factor (EF INP ) was determined by alternatively sampling from the concentrator and ambient via the WAI every 60 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A biogenic secondary organic aerosol source of cirrus ice nucleating particles

et al. 2020

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Atmospheric ice nucleating particles (INPs) influence global climate by altering cloud formation, lifetime, and precipitation efficiency. The role of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) material as a source of INPs in the ambient atmosphere has not been well defined. Here, we demonstrate the potential for biogenic SOA to activate as depositional INPs in the upper troposphere by combining field measurements with laboratory experiments. Ambient INPs were measured in a remote mountaintop location at –46 °C and an ice supersaturation of 30% with concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 70 L–1. Concentrations of depositional INPs were positively correlated with the mass fractions and loadings of isoprene-derived secondary organic aerosols. Compositional analysis of ice residuals showed that ambient particles with isoprene-derived SOA material can act as depositional ice nuclei. Laboratory experiments further demonstrated the ability of isoprene-derived SOA to nucleate ice under a range of atmospheric conditions. We further show that ambient concentrations of isoprene-derived SOA can be competitive with other INP sources. This demonstrates that isoprene and potentially other biogenically-derived SOA materials could influence cirrus formation and properties.

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“…FRIDGE was originally introduced by Bundke et al (2008) and Klein et al (2010), but was fundamentally reevaluated and updated by Schrod et al (2016). Since this effort FRIDGE has participated in meaningful laboratory intercomparisons (Hiranuma et al, 2015;DeMott et al, 2018;Hiranuma et al, 2019) and field campaigns (Schrod et al, 2017;Thomson et al, 2018;Gute et al, 2019;Marinou et al, 2019). In this context FRIDGE has been validated as a reliable method for INP measurements and can be regarded as a valuable addition to the widely used online continuous flow diffusion chambers and offline droplet freezing assays.…”

Section: Analysis Of Ice Nucleation Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term INP measurements from four stations across the globe

Schrod

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Weber

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Ice particle activation and evolution have important atmospheric implications for cloud formation, initiation of precipitation and radiative interactions. In many cases the initial formation of atmospheric ice requires the presence of a nucleating seed, an ice nucleating particle (INP), to facilitate its first emergence. Unfortunately, few long-term measurements of INPs exist and as a result, knowledge about geographic and seasonal variations of INP concentrations is sparse. Here we present data from nearly two years of INP measurements from four stations in different regions of the world: the Amazon, the Caribbean, Central Europe and the Norwegian Arctic. The sites feature diverse geographical climates and ecosystems that are associated with dissimilar transport patterns, aerosol characteristics and levels of anthropogenic impact (ranging from near pristine to mostly rural). Interestingly, observed INP concentrations do not differ greatly from site to site, but usually fall well within the same order of magnitude. Moreover, short-term variability overwhelms all long-term trends and/or seasonality in the INP concentration at all locations. An analysis of the frequency distributions of INP concentrations suggests that INPs tend to be well-mixed and reflective of large-scale air mass movements. No universal physical or chemical parameter could be identified to be a causal link driving INP climatology, highlighting the complex nature of the ice nucleation process. Amazonian INP concentrations were mostly unaffected by the biomass burning season, even though aerosol concentrations increase by a factor of 10 from the wet to dry season. Caribbean INPs were positively correlated to parameters related to transported mineral dust, which is known to increase during the northern hemispheric summer. A wind sector analysis revealed the absence of an anthropogenic impact on average INP concentrations at the Central European site. Likewise, no Arctic Haze influence was observed on INPs at the Norwegian site, where low concentrations were generally measured. We consider the collected data to be a unique resource for the community that illustrates some of the challenges and knowledge gaps of the field in general, while specifically highlighting the need for more long-term observations of INPs worldwide.

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Field evaluation of a Portable Fine Particle Concentrator (PFPC) for ice nucleating particle measurements

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Long-term deposition and condensation ice-nucleating particle measurements from four stations across the globe

Long-term deposition and condensation ice-nucleating particle measurements from four stations across the globe

A biogenic secondary organic aerosol source of cirrus ice nucleating particles

Long-term INP measurements from four stations across the globe

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