Field emission of one-dimensional micro- and nanostructures of zinc oxide

Abstract

A variety of one-dimensional (1D) micro- and nanostructures of zinc oxide (ZnO) were self-assembled on amorphous carbons using thermal chemical vapor transport and condensation without any metal catalysts. The low turn-on electronic field and the higher current density were achieved on these 1D ZnO micro- and nanostructural emitters. It was found that the geometry of the micro- and nanostructural emitters plays a crucial role in the field emission of ZnO.

Template Deformation‐Tailored ZnO Nanorod/Nanowire Arrays: Full Growth Control and Optimization of Field‐Emission

“…In reality, the FE properties are affected by many parameters, for example, the radius of curvature of a single emitter, the uniformity and density of the emitters, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and so forth. These factors could be simultaneously controlled by the presently developed method for ultimate improvements in field emission.…”

“…Many efforts have been made to adjust one of these factors for the improvement of emitting efficiency. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Compared with the overall array density, the local NW/NR density and uniformity have rather been addressed, even though they could significantly affect the local screening effect of the emitters. Remarkably, the sum effect of many factors has led to demand for integrated control of density, uniformity, and tapering of the 1D vertical emitters.…”

One-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional ZnO Nanostructured Materials on a Plastic Substrate and Their Field Emission Properties

“…Furthermore, these electrodeposited nanopillars and nanowalls exhibit a turn-on field that is considerably lower (better) than that of the other electrochemically synthesized ZnO nanostructures 8 and comparable to the best 1D ZnO nanostructures synthesized at considerably higher temperature by the thermal evaporation methods. 14,15 The high temperature requirement of the latter methods rules out the use of plastics as the substrate material.…”

Spitzer shaped ZnO nanostructures for enhancement of field electron emission behaviors

“…[1][2][3][4] Even though ZnO is an attractive material for diverse applications in solar cells, catalysis, sensing, photocatalysis, smart windows, photoluminescence, supercapacitors, generators etc., and is even more suitable for ultraviolet light emitters and laser diodes, 4,5 it has only been moderately considered for use in FE displays because of its larger work function in the range of 5.3 to 5.6 eV, limited morphological forms and eld screening effect from uncontrolled dispersion. [6][7][8][9] Therefore, emerging approaches to tailor the work function and improve electron emission such as the modication of emitter geometry, the introduction of impurity, decoration of metals and the vertical alignment of the structures have been reported. 2,10 The implantation of elements into ZnO nanowires was found to produce nanoscale protuberances and surface-related defects which reduced the turn-on eld (E on ) from 3.1 to 2.4 V mm À1 (at 0.1 mA cm…”