Field emission and explosive electron emission processes in vacuum discharges

Litvinov, E. A.; Mesyats, G. A.; Proskurovskiĭ, D. I.

doi:10.3367/ufnr.0139.198302c.0265

Cited by 51 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Arcs involve collective electron emission processes, such as thermionic emission [2], field emission [3], the non-linear combination of thermionic and field emission (thermofield emission) [4], and explosive electron emission [5], all of which are discussed in [6]. Collective mechanisms can be contrasted with individual mechanisms such as secondary electron emission upon ion impact on a cathode surface, which is typical for glow and magnetron discharges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of ion charge states in cathodic vacuum arc plasmas: a review

Anders¹

2012

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTMany of the here-collected results are based on ideas and contributions by close friends and colleagues. Running the risk of offending those not mentioned, I gratefully acknowledge the input over the years from just a few: B. Jüttner, E. Hantzsche, P. Siemroth, T. Schülke, I. Brown, E. Oks and G. Yushkov. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. DISCLAIMERThis document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof or The Regents of the University of California. 2The evolution of ion charge states in cathodic vacuum arc plasmas: a review André AndersLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 53, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Email: aanders@lbl.gov AbstractCathodic vacuum arc plasmas are known to contain multiply charged ions. 20 years after "Pressure Ionization: its role in metal vapour vacuum arc plasmas and ion sources" appeared in vol. 1 of Plasma Sources Science and Technology, it is a great opportunity to re-visit the issue of pressure ionization, a non-ideal plasma effect, and put it in perspective to the many other factors that influence observable charge state distributions, such as the role of the cathode material, the path in the density-temperature phase diagram, the "noise" in vacuum arc plasma as described by a fractal model approach, the effects of external magnetic fields and charge exchange collisions with neutrals. A much more complex image of the vacuum arc plasma emerges putting decades of experimentation and modeling in perspective.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of ion charge states in cathodic vacuum arc plasmas: a review

Anders¹

2012

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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“…This fact shows that for clean cathode the residual gas adsorbed during a pause in tests can facilitate EEE initiation. According to [6] desorption and the subsequent ionization of gas can lead to enhancement of electric field at a cathode surface and accordingly to EEE initiation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initiation of explosive emission centers assisted by laser ablation plasma

et al. 2010

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Ignition of explosive electron emission centers (ectons) is a great problem if operating voltages are rather low and vacuum conditions are clean. However, dense enough plasma adjoining directly to the cathode surface promotes new ectons to be ignited. The idea of the present work is an attempt of using laser ablation plasma to stimulate ignition of ectons. For tests, a gap formed by the ring anode and a single-wire cathode was located at the distance of about 1 cm from a target. High-voltage rectangular pulses of the amplitude 25-40 kV and the rise time about 3-4 ns were applied to the cathode synchronously with laser pulses. The paper presents results of experiments that are the ablation plasma parameters near the cathode and the statistics of successful ignition of ectons. As well, theoretical analysis of ecton initiation under actual experimental conditions is made and presented.

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“…The authors suggest that the defining role for the start of the development of the anode discharge play the stimulated field-emission of electrons from the cathode [8]. This electron emission is initiated by the radiation, ions, neutrals and neutral particles (droplets) from the laser plasma (anode).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%